摘要： 采用田间定位试验,研究了膜下滴灌模式下,鸡粪、牛粪和猪粪三种粪肥与化肥配施对秋冬茬和冬春茬设施番茄产量、果实营养品质和生育期根层土壤无机氮含量、土壤电导率动态变化的影响。结果表明,鸡粪、牛粪和猪粪三种粪肥与化肥配施均能获得90～125 t/hm2的番茄产量,猪粪处理产量较高,鸡粪处理次之,牛粪处理最低,差异不显著。与鸡粪和猪粪处理相比,牛粪处理的果实硝酸盐含量和水分含量低,可溶性固形物含量最高,风味、品质和耐贮存性好,鸡粪处理的果实可溶性糖含量显著高于牛粪和猪粪处理,鸡粪处理的果实VC含量高于牛粪和猪粪处理,差异不显著。牛粪与化肥配施处理的根层土壤无机氮含量比鸡粪和猪粪处理低,没有出现明显的氮素积累;牛粪处理的根层土壤电导率最低,与定植前相比基本稳定,但鸡粪和猪粪处理土壤电导率比定植前均升高。因此,在供试土壤肥力条件下,采用膜下滴灌,底施N 200 kg/hm2鸡粪、牛粪或猪粪,设施番茄秋冬茬追施N 130 kg/hm2,冬春茬追施N 200 kg/hm2的有机-无机氮素管理模式,可以获得较高的番茄产量和品质,其中牛粪处理的根层土壤没有出现明显的氮素积累和电导率升高,是较安全的利用模式。
关键词:
畜禽粪便,
产量,
品质,
无机氮,
电导率,
番茄
Abstract: Effect of different manure on yield,quality,soil nitrogen and soil electric conductivity was conducted in a greenhouse tomato with double season.The result showed that high yield of 90-125t/ha could be got in the three treatments.And the tomato yield of pig manure(DM) treament was the highest,then chicken manure and dairy manure treatment,but no significant difference.For the quality of tomato,the soluble solid content was highest and water content were lower in the treatment of diary manure(DM) than chicken manure(CM) and pig manure(PM).But the soluble sugar content and VC content were improved in the treatment of chicken manure(CM) than others,but no significant difference in the three treatents.Soil mineral nitrogen content in root zone were kept lower and stable in the treatment of diary manure treatment than other treatments.No more nitrogen was accumulated after two seasons' planting.The soil electric conductivity(EC) kept smoothly in root zone in the treatment of diary manure during the two seasons.Soil EC kept higher content in the chicken manure and pig manure treatments than dairy manure,and exceeded the critical endurance value of most crops.So,this management of manure combination with chemical nitrogen top-dressing were optimal nitrogen management for greenhouse tomato,which were N 200 kg/hm2 manrue as basal fertilization with N 130 kg/ha and N 200 kg/ha top-dressing fertilization,respectively in autumn-winter season and winter-spring season.But,the management of diary manrue with chemical fertilizer was more safe to greenhouse vegetable production than chicken manure and pig manure.
Key words:
Manure,
Yield,
Quality,
Soil mineral nitrogen,
Soil electric conductivity ,
Tomato
中图分类号:
王丽英, 张彦才, 陈丽莉, 李若楠, 翟彩霞, 李巧云. 不同种类畜禽粪肥与化肥配施对设施番茄产量、品质和土壤养分的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2011, 26(S2): 152-156. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.S2.033.
WANG Li-ying, ZHANG Yan-cai, CHEN Li-li, LI Ruo-nan, ZHAI Cai-xia, LI Qiao-yun. Effects of Different Kinds of Manure Combination with Chemical Fertilizer on Yield, Quality and Soil Nutrient Content in Greenhouse Tomato[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2011, 26(S2): 152-156. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.S2.033.