摘要： 为给小麦节水高产实践提供理论依据。以石家庄8号为材料,在田间研究了4种灌水处理,分别在拔节期、孕穗期、开花期、花后10 d、花后20 d、成熟期去次生根对初生根伤流量和植株性状的影响。结果表明,随着灌水次数减少,0～100 cm土层含水量下降幅度明显大于100～140 cm土层;拨节期至孕穗期初生根伤流量极低,处理间无显著差异,孕穗期开始迅速增加至开花期达最大值后下降,开花后10 d处理间的差异变小;拔节期去小麦次生根后粒重降低2.3%～13.3%,降幅随灌水次数的减少而增加;孕穗期、开花期、开花期后10 d去次生根后粒重降低幅度随灌水次数的减少而减少,分别为1.0%～26.1%;1.1%～24.0%;2.1%～3.8%。在拔节至孕穗期间次生根对伤流起决定性作用,孕穗期后初生根的作用开始逐渐增大,灌浆后期初生根对伤流起决定性作用;拔节期至孕穗期间次生根对粒重形成的相对作用随土壤干旱程度的增加而增大;孕穗期后初生根对粒重形成的相对作用随土壤干旱程度的增加而增大。协调小麦次生根与初生根之间的关系对实现小麦节水高产有利。
关键词:
冬小麦,
调亏灌溉,
次生根系,
伤流,
植株性状
Abstract: Providing a theoretical and practical basis for high-yield and water-saving of wheat, using Shijiazhuang 8 as research material, the studied of four different irrigation treatments under the field, the effect of adventitious roots-cutting to xylem sap and plant character in five different growth stages( jointing stage, flowering stage, after flowering 10 d, after flowering 20 d and maturating stage).The results showed that 0-100 cm more than between 100-140 cm of content water in soil with the decrease of time of irrigation.Xylem sap of seminal root was lower from jointing to booting stage and they are no significant difference, booting stage begin rapidly increase, flowering stage was biggest and then begin to decrease, there was no big difference between treatments after flowering 10 days.At jointing stage, seed weight was lower 2.3%-13.3% after wheat adventitious roots-cutting, decreasing range was increase with the decrease of time of irrigation.Seed-weight decreasing was reduced at booting, flowering, after flowering 10 days with the decrease of time of irrigation, respectively 1.0%-26.1%, 1.1%-24.0%, 2.1%-3.8%.Secondary roots were played a decisive role to xylem sap from jointing to booting and the effect of seminal roots were augment gradually after booting stage, Seminal roots were played a important role to xylem sap after grain-filling.Adventitious roots to relative importance of grain weight formation was increase with enhance of soil drought manners between jointing and booting stage.Seminal roots to relative importance of grain weight formation was increase after booting stage.Coordination of the relation of secondary and seminal roots was favorable to realize saving water and high yield of wheat．
Key words:
Winter-wheat,
Regulated deficit irrigation,
Secondary root system,
Xylem sap,
Plant character
中图分类号:
薛丽华, 段俊杰, 王志敏, 王润正. 冬小麦调亏灌溉下次生根和初生根对植株生长的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2010, 25(3): 87-91. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.03.020.
XUE Li-hua, DUAN Jun-jie, WANG Zhi-min, WANG Run-zheng. The Effect of Secondary and Seminal Roots of Winter-wheat to Plant Growth under Regulated Deficit Irrigation Conditions[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2010, 25(3): 87-91. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.03.020.