摘要： 以个具有明显差异的芸豆品种为材料，采用SDS-PAGE方法研究芸豆种子萌发过程中水溶、盐溶和总蛋白组分变化及种子胚和子叶变化过程中蛋白组分变化。试验结果表明，芸豆种子的子叶、胚含有丰富的蛋白亚基，其中，同一品种子叶和胚贮藏蛋白亚基差异明显，子叶、胚的水溶蛋白、盐溶蛋白和总蛋白相差不大、条带丰富；不同品种之间条带存在差异；在发芽过程中，高分子量蛋白亚基的降解速度快于低分子量蛋白亚基，子叶亚基的降解速度明显慢于胚的亚基降解速度；不同品种间子叶、胚条带差异明显，种子活力高的品种(Y05，Y06)降解速度快于种子活力低的品种(Y09，Y1+1)，而蛋白含量高的品种(Y1+1，Y05)与蛋白含量低的品种(Y06，Y09)差异不明显。研究结果为芸豆品种鉴定、品种改良、优质栽培及发芽机理提供理论依据。

关键词: 芸豆, 贮藏蛋白, 子叶和胚, 种子发芽, SDS-PAGE, 蛋白亚基

Abstract: Four kidney bean cultivars with significant difference were used to research the changes of the protein patterns of the storage proteins in the cotyledon and embryo of three protein kinds(water soluble proteins,salt soluble proteins and total proteins)during kidney bean seed germination by SDS-PAGE,the results showed that:T here were plentiful storage proteins in subunits in the cotyledon and embryo,thereinto,the significant difference of the storage proteins in subunits was found in the cotyledon and embryo of one cultivar,there were less diversities and plentiful storage protein patterns among water soluble proteins,salt soluble proteins and total proteins patterns;There were differences in protein patterns among the cultivars.During kidney bean seed germinat ion the storage prote in subunits of macromolecule were mobilized more quickly than lowermolecule,the storage prote in subunits of the cotyledon were mobilized more slowly than embryo,there were significant differences in protein patterns of the cotyledon and embryo among the cultivars,the cultivars of the hige seed vigor(Y05,Y06)were mobilized more rapidly than the varieties of the low seed vigor(Y09,Y1+1),and there were not diversities between the variet ies of the high seed protein content(Y1+1,Y05)and the variet ies of the low seed protein content(Y06,Y09).The results provided the theoretical basis for the ident ification of crop varieties,the improvement of crop varieties,quality culture and the mechanism of germination among the kidney beans.

Key words: Kidney bean, Storage proteins, Cotyledon and embryo, Seeds germination, SDS-PAGE, Prote in subunit

中图分类号: 

• S529.01