摘要： 在覆盖补水条件下，设置了不同覆盖方式、不同补水时期、不同追肥时期和不同施肥量等试验。结果表明，地膜穴播公顷穗数、穗粒数、千粒重三者均衡协调，产量较高，较对照增产41.3%，比膜侧条播增产21.1%。在覆盖基础上，底墒较差时，越冬前补水较对照增产30.5%；底墒较好时，拔节期补水较对照增产15%以上。覆盖补水后，改为拔节、越冬和孕穗3个时期追肥，以拔节期追肥的产量最高，比对照增产14.3%；越冬追肥增产9.0%。产量随施肥量的增加而增加，在不同施氮和钾水平中，产量均随施磷量的增加而增加。旱地麦田应采用底施＋拔节期追肥技术，且应增加肥料投入，特别是磷肥用量。

关键词: 旱地, 小麦, 覆盖, 补水

Abstract: Experiments of different mulching types,irrigating times and additional manuring rate were made during 1997~2000.The results showed that wheat yield of bunch planting on plastic film was increased by 41.3% and 21.1% more than row planting beside plastic film the traditional planting and respectively.Under the mulching,wheat yield of irrigating field before winter can be increased by 30.5% more than that of traditional management when rainfall is small before planting wheat.Wheat yield of irrigating field during elongation stage can be increased by 15% more than that of traditional management when it is rainy before planting wheat.Combining base fertilizer with additional manuring can increase wheat yield,additional manuring during elongation stage can be increased by 14.3% more than single base fertilizer.By the way,adding phosphate fertilizer in very useful to enhance wheat yield.

Key words: Dryland, Wheat, Mulching, Irrigation

中图分类号: 

• S512.104