摘要： 1991年对152份栽培大豆、12份野生大豆、12份半野生大豆进行了胚芽期酯酶同工酶分析。研究表明。不同类型大豆酶谱类型丰富，176份品种表现为17个类型。按其迁移率可分为E₁～E₈8个大区。E₄、E₆和E₇区酶带条数稳定，酶带着色深，构成了大豆胚芽期酯酶同工酶的特征性酶带。按照地理分布，黄河流域的大豆类型酶谱最为丰富，共15种类型，其中山西、河南大豆表现出较特殊类型。东北三省的酶谱类型位居第二，为9个类型，其它生态区为4～6种类型。野生大豆和半野生大豆的酶谱类型亦较丰富。和栽培大豆比较，酶带迁移率，分区情况完全一致，但酶带条数一般多于栽培大豆且出现一些较为特殊的酶带。广西、广东大豆酶谱类型表现与野生大豆相似。

关键词: 酯酶, 同工酶, 大豆

Abstract: Electrophoretic analyses on the esterase isozymes of seeds of 150 cultivated soybeans,12 wild soybeans and 12 semi-wild soybeans were conducted in 1991.The results are as follows.First of all, three kinds of soybean have abundant enzymic band types.Among 176 collections there are 17 band types.According to the moving rate of enzymic bands,the band types of each variety can be divided into 8 zones designated as E₁ to E₈ and among them the band of E₄ ,E₆ and E₇ zones are stable and their staining are more dark, which form characteristic bands of esterase isozymes in seeds of soybean resources.Secondly according to the geographical distribution the soybean of Yellow River basin are most diversified, of which there are 15 types of enzymic bands and the colletions from Shanxi and Henan showed some particular types which the other ecological areas did not appear.The types from northeastern provinces came second,and they had 9 band types.The others only had 4 to 6 band types.Finally, compared with caltivated soybeans, the band types of wild and semi-wild soybeans are relatively abundant.The number of bands is generally more than that of cultivated soybeans, but their moving rate and states of dividing area are completely same.Band types of Guangdong and Guangxi collections are similar to those of wild and semi-wild soybeans.

Key words: Esterase, Isozymes, Soybean

中图分类号: 

• S565.104