不同高粱大豆间作模式对产量及水分养分利用的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191700

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了明确高粱大豆间作体系的间作优势，试验于2018-2019年在山西省汾阳市高粱试验田进行，设置高秆高粱晋杂22单作（G1）、矮秆高粱晋杂34单作（G2）、大豆单作（D）、2行高粱2行大豆间作（2G1∶2D、2G2∶2D）、2行高粱3行大豆间作（2G1∶3D、2G2∶3D）、2行高粱4行大豆间作（2G1∶4D、2G2∶4D）共9个处理，研究不同高粱与大豆间作模式下高粱大豆产量、土地生产力、水分养分利用效率的变化。结果表明，间作高粱的千粒质量、穗粒质量与单作高粱间差异不显著；大豆的结荚数在不同处理间达到显著差异，与单作相比，2G1∶2D、2G2∶2D、2G1∶4D、2G2∶4D间作处理大豆的结荚数分别降低37.89%，32.16%，22.46%，21.51%；高粱与大豆间作体系的土地当量比（LER）和水分当量比（WER）均大于1，表明间作具有土地和水分利用优势；间作体系的养分优势主要表现在氮累积量的增加；2G1∶2D间作处理的LER、WER、氮累积量分别比2G2∶2D间作处理提高8.91%，8.30%，4.56%，2G1∶4D间作处理的LER、WER、氮累积量分别比2G2∶4D间作处理提高10.17%，9.14%，4.35%，在晋杂22大豆间作体系下，2G1∶4D间作处理的LER、WER、氮磷钾累积量均高于2G1∶2D和2G1∶3D间作处理。高粱与大豆间作具有较高的土地生产力、水分及氮素养分利用优势；高秆高粱晋杂22与大豆间作比矮秆高粱晋杂34与大豆间作优势明显；2G1∶4D间作处理是最适宜的高粱和大豆间作配比。

关键词: 高粱, 大豆, 间作, 产量, 水分利用效率, 养分累积量

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to reveal the intercropping advantage of sorghum-soybean intercropping system. Field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Fenyang of Shanxi Province. This study included nine treatments, sole-higher sorghum Jinza 22 (G1), sole-lower sorghum Jinza 34 (G2), sole-soy bean(D), 2 rows sorghum and 2 rows soybean(2G1:2D, 2G2:2D), 2 rows sorghum and 3 rows soybean(2G1:3D, 2G2:3D), 2 rows sorghum and 4 rows soybean (2G1:4D, 2G2:4D). Sorghum and soybean yield, land equivalent ratio, water and nutrient use efficiency of different sorghum-soybean intercropping treatments were investigated. The results showed that the 1 000-grain weight and spike weight of sorghum in intercropping system were no significant difference than that of sole sorghum. However, the pods number of soybean had significant difference between different treatments. Compared with sole-soybean(D), the pods number of soybean in 2G1:2D, 2G2:2D, 2G1:4D, 2G2:4D decreased by 37.89%, 32.16%, 22.46%, 21.51%, respectively. The land equivalent ratio (LER) and water equivalent ratio (WER) in the all intercropping system were more than 1, indicating that there were some advantages in land and water use. The nutrient advantage of intercropping system was due largely to a higher total nitrogen accumulation than that of the sole system. Compared with 2G2:2D, the average LER, WER, total nitrogen accumulation of 2G1:2D increased by 8.91%, 8.30%, 4.56%, respectively.The average LER, WER, total nitrogen accumulation of 2G1:4D increased by 10.17%, 9.14%, 4.35%, respectively, than that of 2G2:4D. In the sorghum Jinza 22 and soybean intercropping system, the LER, WER, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation of 2G1:4D were the highest among the intercropping treatments. In conclusion, the LER, water and nitrogen use efficiency by sorghum-soybean intercropping could be improved, and the intercropping advantages of higher sorghum Jinza 22 and soybean were more obvious than that of lower sorghum Jinza 34 and soybean, and the 2G1:4D intercropping system was the suitable combination under the experimental condition.

Key words: Sorghum, Soybean, Intercropping, Yield, Water use efficiency, Nutrient accumulation

中图分类号:

S514
S344.2

梁晓红, 曹雄, 张瑞栋, 刘静, 王爱爱. 不同高粱大豆间作模式对产量及水分养分利用的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(3): 174-184. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191700.

LIANG Xiaohong, CAO Xiong, ZHANG Ruidong, LIU Jing, WANG Aiai. Effects of Different Sorghum and Soybean Intercropping Patterns on Yield, Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(3): 174-184. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191700.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I3/174

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