摘要： 为了挖掘防控苹果轮纹病的植物源药剂，检测了韭菜、大蒜、洋葱和大葱等4种常见的葱属植物的提取物对苹果轮纹病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用，在此基础上通过代谢组学分析了4种葱属植物代谢物差异，并检测了其中主要活性成分的对苹果轮纹病菌丝生长及苹果果实轮纹病害发生抑菌作用。结果显示：在整个试验过程中，4种粗提取原液（1×）对苹果轮纹病菌丝生长的抑制率高达100%；在4种葱属植物中检测到78种代谢物。其中3种主要成分焦谷氨酸、磷酸和柠檬酸对苹果轮纹病菌菌丝生长的抑制率在29.10%~100.00%，对苹果果实轮纹病发生的抑制率高达44.38%~91.45%。研究表明，4种葱属植物及其主要成分均能高效抑制苹果轮纹病菌的生长，从而显著抑制苹果轮纹病的发生。研究结果为进一步认识和开发葱属植物中抗菌成分奠定了理论基础，并为苹果轮纹病的防治提供了一种可能方法。

关键词: 葱属植物, 苹果轮纹病, 焦谷氨酸, 磷酸, 柠檬酸

Abstract: To explore the botanical agents to prevent and control apple ring spot disease,the inhibitory of the four common of Allium plant extracts,on the hypha growth of Botryosphaeria berengriana were tested.On this basis,the metabolites of the four Allium plants,Chinese leek,garlic,onions and welsh onion,were analyzed by metabolomics methods,and the suppressive effects of the main components of the four Allium plants on the mycelial growth of B.berengriana and the incidence of the apple ring disease on the apple fruits were also determined.The results showed that in the whole experiment period the inhibition of four Allium plant extracts(1×)on the growth of mycelia of B.berengriana was as high as 100%.78 metabolites were detected in the four Allium plants.Among them,the three main components,pyroglutamic acid,phosphoric acid and citric acid,inhibted the growth of mycelia of B.berengriana by 29.10% to 100.00%,and inhibited the incidence of ring disease on apple fruit caused by B.berengriana by 44.38% to 91.45%.The results of this study laid a theoretical foundation for further understanding and developing the antimicrobial components in Allium,and provided a potential way for the prevention and treatment of apple ring disease.

Key words: Allium spp., Apple ring diease, Pyroglutamic acid, Phosphoric acid, Citric acid

中图分类号: 

• S432.4