摘要： 为了探究水稻垄作栽培和稻鱼鸡共生模式的结合对水稻根系生长性状的影响，在总结前人垄作栽培、稻鱼和稻鸡共生技术的研究基础上，创新提出了水稻垄作栽培养鸡、养鱼的种养结合技术，通过设计常规水稻垄作栽培（CK）、水稻垄作养鱼（RF）、水稻垄作养鸡（RC）和水稻垄作养鸡养鱼（RFC）的田间对比试验，研究了垄作稻鱼鸡共生模式下水稻根系生长性状和生理活性的特征。结果表明：2 a中垄作稻鱼鸡共生不同处理间水稻根系形状结构和生理活性存在一定差异。RFC和RC处理间的水稻根干物质、根冠比、根体积、根数、最长根长及齐穗后的根系氧化活力和伤流液等指标差异不显著，二者略优于CK（部分指标差异显著），其中根系体积较CK分别增加0.77%~14.05%和0.10%~13.88%，根系氧化活力较CK分别增加2.15%~13.48%和0.64%~10.05%；RF处理下水稻根系形态各构成指标、根系氧化活力和根伤流液均较CK显著降低，其中根系干物质、根系体积、根系氧化活力和根系伤流液减幅分别为24.62%~50.70%，7.80%~47.45%，10.49%~21.68%，24.39%~39.25%。综上所述，垄作稻鱼鸡和垄作稻鸡共生模式下，水稻根系体积、根冠比、根数和最长根长等形态指标整体高于水稻常规垄作栽培，并且齐穗后的根系生理活性得到提高，利于减缓水稻后期根系的衰老，从而为水稻地上部生长和产量的形成奠定基础。

关键词: 水稻, 垄作, 稻鱼鸡共生, 根系干物质, 根数, 根系氧化活力

Abstract: This research studies the effect of the combination of rice ridge cultivation and rice-fish-chicken cultivation on the growth of the rice root system. On the basis of the researches carried out by other scholars on rice ridge cultivation, rice-fish cultivation, and rice-chicken cultivation, this research came up with a creative planting and breeding technique that features combining chicken and fish breeding with rice ridge cultivation. This research was based on a field comparison experiment that consisted of conventional rice ridge cultivation (CK), rice ridge cultivation with fish breeding (RF), rice ridge cultivation with chicken breeding (RC), and rice ridge cultivation with fish and chicken breeding (RFC). The growth trait and biological activity of the rice root system under rice-fish-chicken ridge cultivation was explored. The results showed that there were differences in the structure and biological property of the roots among different cultivation models during the two-year experiment. RFC and RC had no insignificant differences in root dry matter, root shoot ratio, root volume, root number, maximum root length, and root antioxidant activity and bleeding sap after full heading, which were slightly higher than CK (some indicators had significantly difference). Compared with CK, the root volume of RFC and RC was increased by 0.77%-14.05% and 0.10%-13.88% respectively, and the antioxidant activity was increased by 2.15%-13.48% and 0.64%-10.05% respectively. Compared to CK, RF showed a downward trend of all indexes related to the root structure, the antioxidant activity, and bleeding sap, in which the root dry matter, root volume, the antioxidant activity, and bleeding sap were reduced by 24.62%-50.70%, 7.80%-47.45%, 10.49%-21.68% and 24.39%-39.25% respectively. In conclusion, rice-fish-chicken ridge cultivation and rice-chicken ridge cultivation had a higher level in root morphological index compared with conventional rice ridge cultivation,such as root volume, root shoot ratio, root number and maximum root length. The biological activity of root system was improved after full heading stage and the aging of the root system at later stage was reduced, thus ensuring the growth of the overground parts of the rice and its yield.

Key words: Rice, Ridge cultivation, Rice-fish-chicken cultivation, Root dry matter, Root number, Root antioxidant activity

中图分类号: 

• S511.01