摘要： 为了探究不同紫云英翻压量对土壤水稳性团聚体及其有机碳、全氮含量与分布、水稻产量的影响。在减量氮、钾肥20%条件下，设置CK（不施化肥、紫云英）、F100（常规施肥）和翻压紫云英15 000（GM₁），22 500（GM₂），30 000（GM₃），37 500 kg/hm²（GM₄）6个处理。结果表明：与CK和F100处理相比，减量施用氮、钾化肥20%并翻压不同量紫云英均能增加土壤水稳性大团聚体中1.000~2.000 mm，0.500~1.000 mm粒级的占比。减量施用氮、钾化肥20%条件下翻压不同量紫云英对团聚体平均重量直径（MWD）和平均几何直径（GMD）无显著影响。减量施用氮、钾化肥20%，翻压不同量紫云英均显著（P<0.05）提高了水稳性团聚体1.000~2.000 mm，0.500~1.000 mm粒级中水稳性团聚体有机碳和全氮含量的占比，同时也提高了1.000~2.000 mm粒级养分贡献率。4个减量施肥翻压紫云英处理中以减量施用氮、钾化肥20%翻压紫云英30 000 kg/hm²处理的早、晚稻和全年水稻产量最高，较CK分别增加了99.4%，51.5%，68.2%，较F100处理分别增加了5.4%，2.9%，3.9%。综合考虑对土壤1.000~2.000 mm，0.500~1.000 mm粒级水稳性团聚体分布、团聚体中有机碳和全氮分布和双季稻产量的影响，在本试验中减量施用氮、钾化肥20%翻压紫云英30 000 kg/hm²较适宜。

关键词: 紫云英, 减施氮、钾化肥, 水稳性团聚体, 有机碳, 全氮, 水稻产量

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of soil water-stable aggregates and their organic carbon, total nitrogen content and distribution, and rice yield by different Chinese milk vetch. Under the conditions of reduced nitrogen and potassium fertilizers by 20%, set 6 treatments of CK (no fertilizer, Chinese milk vetch), F100 (Conventional fertilization), and Chinese milk vetch 15 000(GM₁), 22 500(GM₂), 30 000(GM₃), 37 500 kg/ha(GM₄). The results showed that compared with CK and F100 treatments, reducing the application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers by 20% and applying different amounts of Chinese milk vetch increased the size proportion of 1.000-2.000 mm and 0.500-1.000 mm soil water-stable macroaggregates. Application of reduced nitrogen and potassium fertilizers at 20% and turning over different amounts of Chinese milk vetch without significant effect on the average weight diameter (MWD) and average geometric diameter (GMD) of the aggregates, however, significantly (P<0.05) increased the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the water-stable aggregates of 1.000-2.000 mm and 0.500-1.000 mm size. It also increased the nutrient contribution rate in 1.000-2.000 mm size.Among the 4 treatments of reducing fertilization and applying Chinese milk vetch, the yield of early, late and annual rice under reduced application of 20% nitrogen and potassium fertilizers with applying 30 000 kg/ha Chinese milk vetch was the highest, which increased by 99.4%, 51.5% and 68.2% compared with CK treatment and 5.4%, 2.9% and 3.9% compared with F100 treatment, respectively. Considering the effects on the distribution of water-stable aggregates, organic carbon and total nitrogen distribution in the aggregates and double cropping rice yield of 1.000-2.000 mm and 0.500-1.000 mm, it is more appropriate to apply 20% nitrogen and potassium fertilizers with 30 000 kg/ha Chinese milk vetch in this experiment.

Key words: Chinese milk vetch, Reduction of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, Water-stable aggregates, Organic carbon, Total nitrogen, Rice yield

中图分类号: 

• S142

• S511