不同种源辣木在北方的生长及抗寒性状综合评价

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190351

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探讨不同种源辣木在北方种植的适应性，为辣木在北方优良种源的选育提供一定的理论和技术支持。以5个种源的辣木为试材，采用实地调查、人工霜箱控温等方法，对其生长性状、产量性状和抗寒性进行测定，分析不同种源间的差异，并通过隶属函数法对其进行综合评价，筛选适宜北方地区种植的优良种源。结果表明，5个种源的辣木在相同生长条件下的各指标均存在显著或极显著差异。各种源中H种源的株高最低，为267.57 cm，但其冠幅、地径和分枝数均最高，分别为137.57 cm、5.01 cm和50.33；在产量性状中，不同种源的嫩叶、鲜叶和鲜茎枝产量由高到低排序分别为：H > K > F > S > J，H > F > K > S > J，H > F > S > K > J。其中，H种源的嫩叶、鲜叶和鲜茎枝的产量均为最高，分别为0.22，0.93，1.76 kg/m²，产量最低的为J种源；不同种源辣木枝条的过冷却点和结冰点存在较大差异，其中不同种源辣木枝条的结冰点在-1.60~-4.37℃，过冷却点在-3.42~-5.63℃，其中H种源的过冷却点和结冰点均为最低，其抗寒性最好。采用隶属函数法对各种源进行综合评价的结果为：H > K > S > G > J。因此，H种源可作为在北方地区培育和推广的潜在良种遗传资源。

关键词: 辣木, 种源, 性状, 综合评价

Abstract: To explore the adaptability of different provenances of Moringa in the north, and provide some theoretical and technical support for the breeding of Moringa in the north. Five provenances of Moringa were used as materials, and the field surveys, artificial frost box temperature control were used as experimental method, to analyze the growth traits, yield traits and cold resistance, the differences among different provenances. In order to evaluate excellent provenance carried out the membership function method, and to screening for good provenances suitable for planting in the northern regions. The results showed that there were significant or extremely significant differences of the five provenances of Moringa under the same growth conditions. Among the various sources, the H species had the lowest plant height of 267.57 cm, but the crown, ground diameter and branch number were the highest, respectively 137.57 cm, 5.01 cm and 50.33. Among the yield traits, the yields of young leaves, fresh leaves and fresh stems from different provenances were ranked as follows: H > K > F > S > J, H > F > K > S > J, H > F > S > K > J. The tender leaves, fresh leaves and fresh stems yields of the H provenance were all the highest, 0.22, 0.93, 1.76 kg/m², respectively, and the lowest was J provenance; There were large differences in the Moringa branches super cooling point and freezing point of different provenance, the freezing point of different provenances were -1.60~-4.37 ℃, the super cooling points were -3.42~-5.63 ℃, and the super cooling point of H provenance was the lowest, it had best cold resistance. The results of comprehensive evaluation of various sources were: H > K > S > G > J. Thus, the H provenance can be used as potential genetic resources for cultivation and promotion in northern regions.

Key words: Moringa, Provenance, Traits, Comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S58.01

葛朝红, 赵爽, 师树新, 李伟明, 周永萍, 高倩. 不同种源辣木在北方的生长及抗寒性状综合评价[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(S1): 124-128. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190351.

GE Chaohong, ZHAO Shuang, SHI Shuxin, LI Weiming, ZHOU Yongping, GAO Qian. Comprehensive Evaluation of Growth and Cold Resistance of Moringa Planted in North Region from Different Provenances[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(S1): 124-128. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190351.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/IS1/124

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