潮汐灌溉供液高度对番茄穴盘苗水分和氮素利用效率的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190108

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了明确番茄潮汐式穴盘育苗的适宜供液高度，以番茄中杂105品种为试材，分别在夏季和冬季进行潮汐式穴盘育苗，设定供液高度为1，2，3 cm，通过比较3个供液高度基质的吸水速率以及穴盘苗生长指标、根系活力和水肥利用率，明确了供液高度对番茄潮汐式穴盘育苗水分和氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明：随着供液高度增加，基质吸水速率逐渐增大；在夏季和冬季育苗，供液高度为3 cm时，穴盘苗的叶面积、地上部干质量等地上部生长指标显著高于1，2 cm供液高度，而地下部生长指标、根冠比和壮苗指数在3个供液高度间无显著差异，3 cm供液高度下，穴盘苗的根系活力显著低于供液高度1，2 cm；进一步比较穴盘苗的水肥利用效率，夏季育苗时，1，2 cm供液高度下水分利用率显著高于3 cm，氮素利用率以2 cm供液高度下最高，冬季育苗时，水分利用率和氮素利用率以供液高度2，3 cm较高。基于穴盘苗生长指标、根系活力以及水肥利用率，夏季和冬季番茄潮汐穴盘育苗的适宜灌溉高度均为2 cm。

关键词: 番茄, 潮汐灌溉, 穴盘育苗, 供液高度

Abstract: In order to screen the suitable irrigation height for the tomato plug seedlings under ebb-and-flow irrigation, the tomato variety Zhongza 105 was taken as material to raise seedlings in plug during summer and winter.Under ebb-and-flow irrigation,the tomato variety Zhongza 105 was taken as material to raise seedlings in plug during summer and winter. Under different feeding height(1, 2, 3 cm), by comparing the water absorption rate of substrate, the seedling growth indexes, root vigor, as well as the water and fertilizer use efficiency, the suitable irrigation height was screened. The results showed that the water absorption rate of substrate increased with irrigation height. Both in summer and winter, under 3 cm of irrigation height, the shoot growth indexes including leaf aera and shoot dry weight were significantly higher than those under 1,2 cm, while the root growth indexes as well as the root-shoot ratio and seedling index showed no significant difference among three irrigation heights. Under 3 cm of irrigation height, the root vigor was significantly lower than that under 1,2 cm. In summer, under 1,2 cm, the water use efficiency was higher than that under 3 cm, and the nitrogen use efficiency showed highest under 2 cm of irrigation height. In winter, the water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency was higher at 2,3 cm. Based on these above indexes, for tomato plug seedlings under ebb-and-flow irrigation, both in summer and winter, the suitable irrigation height was 2 cm, which could not only ensure the seedlings growth and root vigor,but also improve the use efficiency of water and fertilizer.

Key words: Tomato, Ebb-and-Flow irrigation, Plug seedling, Irrigation height

中图分类号:

李倩, 田雅楠, 尚庆茂, 曹玲玲, 董春娟. 潮汐灌溉供液高度对番茄穴盘苗水分和氮素利用效率的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(6): 126-132. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190108.

LI Qian, TIAN Ya, SHANG Qingmao, CAO Lingling, DONG Chunjuan. Effects of Irrigation Height on Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Tomato Plug Seedlings under Ebb-and-Flow Irrigation[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(6): 126-132. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190108.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/I6/126

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