摘要： 旨在基于转录组筛选肉牛骨骼肌差异基因，探究差异基因对骨骼肌转录调控的影响，鉴定其与肌肉生长发育的关系，为研究骨骼肌生长发育的分子机制提供理论依据。采取12月龄的布莱凯特黑牛和鲁西黄牛背最长肌，利用Illumina 2500进行转录组测序，通过综合生物信息学分析（差异基因筛选、GO分类、KEGG富集分析和蛋白互作网络等）筛选骨骼肌差异的调控基因。布莱凯特黑牛和鲁西黄牛2个文库分别存在13 242，13 350个基因，共计13 758个基因。5 500个基因表达量相同，约占总参考基因的39.98%，8 258个基因表达量有所不同，占比60.02%。获得554个差异显著的基因作为差异表达基因，其中296个基因表达上调，258个基因表达下调。GO功能注释结果显示，生物学过程、细胞组分和分子功能分别包括22 641，7 720和4 414个基因，其中29个基因与肌细胞的发育和分化有关；KEGG富集到Wnt、CMC、TGF-β、DCM、ROAC、VSMC 6条肌肉生长发育相关通路，筛选骨骼肌候选基因MYL2、MYL3和MYLPF。MYL2、MYL3和MYLPF是Wnt、DMC和TGF-β信号通路中的成员，参与了肌细胞和肌肉组织的形成的过程，推测MYL2、MYL3和MYLPF在骨骼肌生长发育过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 布莱凯特黑牛, 鲁西黄牛, 转录组, 骨骼肌

Abstract: The aim of this study was to screen the differential genes of skeletal muscle based on transcriptome,to explore the effect of different genes on the regulation of skeletal muscle transcription,and to identify the functional relationship with muscle growth and development,providing a theoretical basis for studying the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle growth and development. Twelve months old Black cattle and Luxi cattle dorsal longissimus muscle were harvested,sequenced by Illumina 2500 and sequenced by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis (differential gene screening,GO classification,KEGG enrichment analysis and protein interaction Network,etc.) to screen for the regulation genes of skeletal muscle differentiation. There were 13 242 and 13 350 genes in Black cattle and Luxi cattle,respectively,for a total of 13 758 genes. The expression level of 5 500 genes was the same,accounting for 39.98% of the total reference gene,while the expression level of 8 258 genes was different,accounting for 60.02%. 554 differentially expressed genes were obtained as differentially expressed genes. Among them,296 genes were up-regulated and 258 genes were down-regulated. GO functional annotation results showed that there were 22 641,7 720 and 4 414 genes in biological processes,cell components and molecular functions,respectively. Of these,29 genes were involved in the development and differentiation of muscle cells; KEGG was enriched in Wnt,CMC and TGF-β,DCM,ROAC,VSMC six muscle growth and development related pathways,screening skeletal muscle gene MYL2,MYL3 and MYLPF. MYL2, MYL3 and MYLPF is a member of Wnt,DMC and TGF-β signaling pathways involved in the formation of muscle cells and muscle tissue,presumably MYL2, MYL3 and MYLPF may play an important role in skeletal muscle growth and development.

Key words: Black cattle, Luxi cattle, Transcriptome, Skeletal muscle

中图分类号: 

• S823