摘要： 养分胁迫会直接影响水稻的生长发育，相对于地上部分，根系往往较早感知环境胁迫。为了研究水稻根系对养分胁迫响应的分子机制，通过Illumina Hiseq2000平台测序，对氮素胁迫下水稻根系转录基因表达情况进行分析。结果表明，氮素胁迫诱导根系出现了2 270个差异转录基因，其中上调表达的有1 176个，下调表达的有1 094个。采用GO功能分类和Pathway功能注释，可将注释的基因划分为48个功能类别118条代谢途径，包括糖酵解、脂肪酸代谢、氧化磷酸化、氨基酸代谢、淀粉蔗糖代谢等生物学过程。部分根系关键基因表达变化表明，氮素胁迫诱导大量新生蛋白质合成，形成各种酶类，促进新RNA合成，从而形成了更多的新生蛋白质。氮素胁迫诱导根系IAA积累更多来自极性运输，参与植物细胞伸长发育的EGase基因及木质素特异合成途径的关键酶（CCR）表达量发生上调，这些转录基因表达量的变化是根系受养分胁迫刺激而发生了伸长生长的内在机制。

关键词: 水稻, 根系, 氮素胁迫, 转录组

Abstract: Rice development should be effected by nutrient deficiency,and the root was respondent to environmental stress earlier than shoot.To reveal the mechanism of nitrogen stress on rice root,the transcriptome of rice root was analyzed under nitrogen stress.The Illumina Hiseq2000 high-throughput sequencing technology was used to get the comprehensive transcriptome from rice root in response to nitrogen stress,and a total of 2 270 differentially expressed Unigenes were generated including 1 176 up-regulated Unigenes and 1 094 down-regulated Unigenes.With GO functional classifications and Pathways,all differentially expression Unigenes were grouped into 48 categories and 118 metabolisms,respectively,in which many functional metabolisms,such as glycolysis,fatty acid metabolism,oxidative phosphorylation,amino acid metabolism,starch and sucrose metabolism,and so on,were included.The function of some differentially expression Unigenes in root were analyzed,and the results indicated that a lot of new proteins were induced for enzyme by nitrogen stress,which involved in the new RNA and protein synthesis.The Unigenes associated with polar auxin transport to root,plant cell growth and enzymic synthesis of lignin precursors were up-regulated greatly,which resulted in longer root.

Key words: Rice, Root, Nitrogen stress, Transcriptome

中图分类号: 

• S141

• Q945.12

• S511.03