摘要： 探讨谷子成熟种子用不同浓度的EMS诱变处理下的最佳诱变条件，以期为筛选十里香感锈突变体进行基础研究奠定材料基础。以优异抗锈谷子品种十里香为材料，用不同浓度EMS（0，0.8%，1.0%，1.2%，1.5%）处理提前浸种或未浸种的谷子十里香成熟种子16 h，于处理后第3，7天分别测定种子发芽势、发芽率和发芽长度。十里香种子的发芽势与发芽率均随着EMS浓度的升高而降低。当EMS浓度为1.2%和1.5%时，种子发芽率不受提前浸种与否的影响。除此之外，同一EMS浓度处理下，提前浸种比未浸种种子的发芽势和发芽率高。发芽势在EMS浓度1.2%时差异最显著（9.66%），1.0%时次之；发芽率在EMS浓度1.0%时差异最显著（8.66%），1.2%和1.5%时无显著差异。EMS浓度越大，十里香种子的发芽势、发芽率下降幅度越快，EMS浓度由1.2%增加到1.5%时，发芽势与发芽率降幅最大，分别是36.34%~40.33%和44.00%~48.00%；EMS浓度为1.5%时，种子发芽势与发芽率均达到最低值。随着EMS浓度的增加，十里香种子的发芽长度随之变短，以EMS浓度1.5%时芽长的变化最显著。EMS能够显著抑制种子的萌发，浓度越大，抑制效果越明显。以十里香种子发芽率50.00%为标准，提前浸种或未浸种条件下，1.2%为EMS诱变最适宜浓度。

关键词: 谷子, 甲基磺酸乙酯, 诱变, 发芽势, 发芽率

Abstract: The optimal mutagenic conditions of foxtail millet ripening seeds under different concentrations of EMS mutagenesis were discussed, which laid material foundations for screening rust-sensitive mutant of Shilixiang to carry out basic research.The rust-resistant variety of foxtail millet,Shilixiang,as this study materials.Both of the seeds with soaking in advance and without soaking were treated with different concentrations of EMS(0,0.8%, 1.0%,1.2% and 1.5%) for 16 hours,then the germination potential,germination rate and germination length were measured at the 3 rd and 7 th day after treatment.The germination potential and germination rate of Shilixiang seeds decreased with the increase of EMS concentration.When the EMS concentration of 1.2% and 1.5%, the seed germination rate is not affected by the soaking in advance or not. In addition, under the same EMS concentration treatment,both the germination potential and the germination rate of Shilixiang seeds with soaking in advance were higher than those without soaking.The germination potential was the most significant (9.66%) at EMS concentration of 1.2%,followed by 1.0%. And the germination rate was the most significant (8.66%) at EMS concentration of 1.0%,but no difference at EMS concentration of 1.2%and 1.5%. The higher the EMS concentration was,the faster the germination potential and germination rate of the Shilixiang seeds decreased. As the EMS concentration increased from 1.2%to 1.5%,both the germination potential and the germination rate decreased by 36.34%-40.33% and 44.00%-48.00%,respectively. When the EMS concentration was 1.5%,they reached the lowest level. With the increased of the EMS concentration,the germination length of Shilixiang seeds became shorter,and the change of shoot length was the most significant at EMS concentration of 1.5%.EMS could significantly inhibit the seed germination,and the greater the concentration was,the more obvious the inhibitory effect was. With the seed germination rate of 50.00%as the standard,the optimum concentration of EMS was 1.2%in the condition of pre-soaking or not soaking.

Key words: Foxtail millet, EMS, Mutagenesis, Germination potential, Germination rate

中图分类号: 

• S515.03