摘要： 为明确花生根系生长是否存在冗余，探讨花生根系生长的适宜土壤深度，为花生高产栽培提供理论依据。采用尼龙网袋限根栽培的方法，研究了土壤深度对花生根系生长及干物质积累变化的影响。结果表明，根系长度、表面积、体积、根干质量和茎叶干质量均随着土壤深度的增加而逐渐增大，并随着生育进程的推进差异越来越大。但当限根深度超过60 cm，再增加土壤深度后增加幅度变小。在生育前期各土壤深度之间根冠比差异不显著，在生育后期随着土壤深度的增加根冠比增大。荚果干质量随着土壤深度的加深而逐渐增大，到限根深度60 cm处理时荚果干质量最大，之后再增加土壤深度荚果干质量反而降低。说明土壤深度过浅限制了花生根系、地上部和荚果生长，产量降低；土壤深度过深导致生长冗余，产量反而降低；适宜的土壤深度能够保持合理的根系大小，协调好营养生长和生殖生长的关系，促进荚果生长，而提高产量。

关键词: 花生, 土壤空间, 根系, 干物质积累

Abstract: To find out if there is root system redundancy in peanut growth,and investigate the appropriate root size for high yield of peanut,and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and cultivation of new varieties of high yield of peanut. By the method of nylon bag root-restriction cultivation,the effects of growing space on root growing and dry matter accumulation were studied. The results showed that the root length,surface area,volume,dry weight of root and dry weight of stem and leaf increased with soil space increased gradually,and the difference got more obviously with the development stage. But when the root-restriction depth exceeds 60 cm,the range got smaller. In the early growth stage of growth,the difference of the root/shoot ratio was not significant between each soil space,at the later growth stage,along with the soil space increases the root/shoot ratio increased. Dry pod weight increased gradually with increasing soil space,and reached the maximum when the root-restriction depth exceeds 60 cm,while the dry pod weight decreased beyond 60 cm. These data indicated that too small root soil space restricted the root,shoot and pod growth,and reduced the production. Too large soil root space would lead the growth redundancy and yield decrease. The suitable root soil space could keep the reasonable root size,coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth,and promote pod growth and increase the yield of peanut.

Key words: Peanuts, The soil space, Root, Dry matter accumulation

中图分类号: 

• S565.01