不同滴水量对冬小麦根系时空分布及耗水特征的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2014.05.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示滴水量对冬小麦根系生长和耗水特征的影响规律,以新冬18号为材料,田间研究了1 620 m³/hm²(W₁)、1 950 m³/hm²(W₂)、2 400 m³/hm²(W₃)、2 850 m³/hm²(W₄)4种滴春水处理对0~100 cm土层含水量空间变异、0~60 cm土层根系生长和产量分布的影响。结果表明,随着滴水量的增加,增加各土层的含水量,毛管间距1/2处0~40 cm土层含水量增幅远大于毛管处;增加0~60 cm根干质量密度、根长密度和根系活性,且毛管间距1/2处的增幅远大于毛管处;产量增加显著,距毛管第3行产量增幅远大于毛管第1行,以W₄最高,为7 827.5 kg/hm²,水分利用效率为1.19 kg/m³,滴水量占总耗水量的54.9%,显著减少40~100 cm的土壤储水消耗。北疆冬小麦春季适宜总滴水量在2 850 m³/hm²左右,每次滴水量在525 m³/hm²左右,以保证远离毛管区域小麦生长的水分需要。

关键词: 冬小麦, 滴水量, 根系, 时空分布, 耗水特征

Abstract: To reveal the effect of quantities of drip water on the growth and water consumption of winter wheat root system,taking winter-wheat cultivar Xindong 18 as test material,a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of four different drip irrigation quantities(1 620 m³/hm²(W₁),1 950 m³/hm²(W₂),2 400 m³/hm²(W₃),2 850 m³/hm²(W₄))on the spatial difference of water content in 0-100 cm soil layers and root growth and yield distribution of 0-60 cm soil layers in the spring.The results showed that not only the soil water content was obviously increased in every soil,but also dry root weight density,root length density and root activity were clearly increased,and the value of water content was higher far away from two capillary middle than under capillary position in 0-40 cm soil layers with increasing quantities drip water.The yield was obviously increased,far away from,the range of yield of the third line than the first line,W₄ was highest than other three treatments and the value was 7 827.5 kg/hm²,water use efficiency(WUE)was 1.19 kg/m³,quantities of drip water was 54.9% for total water consumption,storage water consumption of soil was obviously decrease in 40-100 cm soil layers.The suitable total quantity of drip water was about 2 850 m³/hm² for winter-wheat in the Northern Xinjiang in the spring,and the quantity of drip water was about 525 m³/hm² every time,to ensure that need water for winter-wheat growing far away from capillary area.

Key words: Winter-wheat, Quantities of drip water, Root, Temporal and spatial distribution, Characteristics of water consumption

中图分类号:

S512
S152.7

薛丽华, 陈兴武, 胡锐, 谢小清, 段丽娜. 不同滴水量对冬小麦根系时空分布及耗水特征的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2014, 29(5): 200-206. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.05.034.

XUE Li-hua, CHEN Xing-wu, HU Rui, XIE Xiao-qing, DUAN Li-na. Effect of Quantities of Drip Water on Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Characteristics of Water Consumption of Winter-wheat Root[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2014, 29(5): 200-206. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.05.034.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2014/V29/I5/200

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