摘要： 为了挖掘和克隆更多控制株高与分蘖的基因应用于水稻育种,利用多分蘖普通野生稻矮秆突变体与少分蘖高秆南特号组配杂交组合F₁并构建分离群体F₂;并且对该群体的株高与有效分蘖数进行性状遗传分析以及基因型检测,利用IciMapping V3.0对株高与分蘖数进行QTL连锁遗传分析。结果表明,两亲本的株高与分蘖数均为多基因控制的数量性状,且存在极显著的正相关;利用平均分布于水稻12条染色体上的345对分子标记对两亲本普通野生稻矮秆突变体与南特号进行多态性筛选,共筛出194对差异明显的多态标记,多态率为56.23%;利用122对基因型清晰的多态标记对571株F₂分离群体进行连锁分析,共获得33个与株高相关的QTLs,19个与分蘖数相关的QTLs;检测到1个与株高有关的主效QTLs,定位于1号染色体RM302~RM104标记之间,对表型贡献率达71.72%。找到一个控制株高的主效QTL,与分子标记RM302和RM104紧密连锁,对株高具有极强的矮化效果,该结果为进一步克隆矮秆基因与株型分子育种提供理论基础。

关键词: 水稻, 野生稻, 株高, 分蘖, QTLs, 遗传分析

Abstract: In order to exploit and isolate more genes controlling plant height and effective tillers,and applies these genes into breeding practice.In this paper,an F₂ isolated population was constructed derived from a cross between a multi-tillering dwarf wild rice mutant and minor-tillering tall Nantehao variety;plant height and effective tillers of the F₂ population were investigated and their genotypes were tested,and QTLs linkage genetic analysis was conducted by using IciMapping V3.0 soft.Plant height and effective tillers of the two parents were all quantitative traits controlled by multi-genes and had obvious positive relation.194 pairs of molecular markers were identified to have polymorphism between the parents by screening 345 pairs of molecular markers even distributing on 12 chromosomes in rice and the polymorphic ratio was of 56.23%.In the F₂ population,33 height QTLs and 19 tillers QTLs were obtained using linkage analysis of 122 pairs of molecular markers. One major QTL controlling height was identified and located in the interval markers of RM302 and RM104 on chromosome 1.The major QTL explained 71.72% phenotypic variation.In our studies,a major QTL controlling plant height was obtained which was closely linkage with molecular markers of RM302 and RM104.It had very strong dwarfed ability.Our results would provide a theoretical basis for cloning dwarf genes and molecular breeding of constructing ideal plant shape.

Key words: Rice, Oryza rufipogon, Height, Tillers, QTLs, Genetic analysis

中图分类号: 

• Q78