摘要： 为了探明不同播种期对香稻香气形成、品质及产量的影响规律，确定华南双季稻区早季香稻的适宜播种期。在大田条件下以桂香占和农香18为材料，研究了播种期对香稻香气2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)、米质和产量的影响。结果表明： 3月10日播种的香稻的2-AP含量最高，桂香占和农香18的2-AP含量分别达到了24.35，11.67 ng/g。2-AP含量与光照时数呈显著负相关。2-AP含量较高的播种期其游离脯氨酸含量、籽粒脯氨酸脱氢酶活性维持在较高水平。适当推迟播种提高了香稻精米率，而降低蒸煮食味品质。3月5日播种的香稻产量最高，桂香占 和农香18的产量分别达到了6.57，6.77 t/hm²。延迟播种不同程度地降低香稻的产量，桂香占的产量下降了7.87%~18.27%，农香18的产量下降了3.45%~24.14%。本试验条件下，3月5日播种的香稻产量最高，3月10日播种的香稻2-AP含量最高。因此，早季香稻的适宜播种期为3月5-10日。

关键词: 香稻, 播种期, 2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉, 产量, 品质

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of sowing dates on 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline content and quality and yield, to confirm the appropriate sowing date of early season aromatic rice in South China double-cropping region, a field experiment was carried out using Guixiangzhan and Nongxiang 18 cultivars to determine an appropriate sowing date for early season aromatic rice to study the effects of different sowing dates on aroma (2-AP), quality and yield.The results showed:Aromatic rice sown on 10 March achieved the highest 2-AP content.The 2-AP content of Guixiangzhan and Nongxiang 18 were up to 24.35, 11.67 ng/g respecticely.There was a significant negative correlation between 2-AP content and sunshine hours.Treatments having higher 2-AP content also had a higher free proline content, higher proline dehydrogenase activities in grain.Delay sowing properly increased the milled rice rate, while it reduced the cooking and eating quality.Guixiangzhan and Nongxiang 18 sown on 5 March achieved the highest grain yield, the yield of Guixiangzhan and Nongxiang 18 were up to 6.57, 6.77 t/ha respecticely.Delay sowing reduced yield of aromatic rice in different degrees.The yield of Guixinagzhan decreased 7.87%-18.27%, while the yield of Nongxiang 18 decreased 3.45%-24.14%.In this field condition, aromatic rice sown on 5 March achieved the highest yield, sown on 10 March achieved the highest 2-AP content.Hence, the appropriateearly season sowing date for aromatic rice was between 5 March and 10 March.

Key words: Aromatic rice, Sowing date, 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

• S511.01