摘要： 在露天栽培条件下,研究套种翻压不同绿肥对番茄土传病害的抑制作用和对土壤微生物种群数量的影响。通过套种小油菜、芥菜疙瘩、香菜、水萝卜、花椰菜5种蔬菜做绿肥翻压,统计分析了露天番茄青枯病的发病率、产量和耕层土壤微生物种群数量。结果表明,与不套种相比,套种翻压小油菜效果最好,番茄青枯病的发病率显著降低,产量增加21.98%;其次是套种翻压水萝卜,番茄青枯病发病率降低,产量增加19.58%;套种翻压芥菜疙瘩显著降低番茄青枯病的发病率,但对番茄的产量影响不大。绿肥均能明显增加耕层土壤中真菌和放线菌的数量,细菌数量呈现小幅增加趋势。因此,套种翻压小油菜和水萝卜能够降低露天番茄青枯病的发病率,提高番茄产量。

关键词: 绿肥, 套种, 翻压, 发病率, 微生物种群数量

Abstract: The experiment was carried out to study the effects of ploughing in intercropping green manure on the control of soilborne diseases of tomato and the changes of soil microbial species quantity in the open air tomato cultivation. Though intercropping small rape,mustard pimple,coriander,radishes and broccoli as green manuring,the disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), yield and quantity of 0－20 cm soil microbial species were analyzed. The results showed that the disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt decreased significantly and yield increased by 19. 58% significantly of ploughing in intercropping small rape; the disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt decreased and yield increased by 19. 58% significantly of ploughing in intercropping radish;the disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt decreased significantly,but little effects on yield of ploughing in intercropping mustard pimple. Green manuring can significantly increase the quantity of fungi and actinomycetes in the plow layer soil,and the number of bacteria showed a slight increase. Therefore,ploughing in intercropping radish and small rape could reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt and improve tomato production.

Key words: Green manure, Intercropping, Ploughing, Incidence rate, Soil microbial species quantity

中图分类号: 

• S55