减源对甜高粱光合产物生产和分配的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探明甜高粱中下部叶片对其糖产量的影响及其茎秆是否具有一定的竞争能力,以甜高粱丽欧为试验材料,采用所有叶片剪去一半,剪去上数1～5叶及剪去上数6～10叶3个处理方式,研究处理对茎秆糖产量及穗生物量的影响。结果发现减源处理使得光合产物的供应减少,这导致甜高粱茎秆生物量的显著下降,但是对穗干物质积累和茎秆糖含量没有影响。减源处理导致茎秆可溶性糖产量的下降是由于茎秆生物量的下降而引起。各种剪叶处理都对茎秆糖产量有显著影响,并且剪中下部叶片的影响稍大于剪上部叶片,所以,对甜高粱来说,中下部叶片同样重要。穗至少在建成之后相对于茎秆具有绝对竞争优势。在今后的育种过程中,培育直立型叶片,改善中下部叶片的受光状况;减小穗部是提高产量的可选途径。

关键词: 甜高粱, 剪叶, 生物量, 糖含量, 糖产量

Abstract: To test the importance of the lower leaves of sweet sorghum to yield of stem sugar. Sweet sorghum Rio was treated with defoliation including cutting half of all leaves,cutting upper 5 leaves and cutting upper 6－10 leaves. All treatments reduced the stem weight,yield of stem sugar,but had no effect on panicle weight and sugar content in stem. Treatment of cutting lower leaves reduced more stem weight and yield of stem sugar than the treatment of upper leaves removal. Thus,our experiment revealed that the lower leaves had more important contribution to sugar yield of sweet sorghum and the panicle had higher competitive advantage to photosynthetic product than stem. To improve stem sugar yield of sweet sorghum,therefore,new cultivars with little panicle and erect upper leaves are suggested in future breeding.

Key words: Sweet sorghum, Leaf removal, Biomass, Sugar content, Sugar yield

中图分类号:

S514.01

池云花, 王空军, 蒋高明, 吴秋平, 石雷. 减源对甜高粱光合产物生产和分配的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2010, 25(S1): 138-143. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.031.

CHI Yun-hua, WANG Kong-jun, JIANG Gao-ming, WU Qiu-ping, SHI Lei1. Effects of Leaf Removal on Dry Matter Accumulation and Participation of Sweet Sorghum[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2010, 25(S1): 138-143. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.031.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2010/V25/IS1/138

参考文献

[1] 黎大爵,廖馥荪.甜高粱及其利用[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[2] Mcbee G G,Waskom R M,Miller F R,et al.Effect of senescence and non-senescence on carbohydrates in sorghum during late kernel maturity states[J].Crop Science,1983,23:372-376.
[3] Vietor D M,Miller F R.Assimilation,partitioning,and nonstructural carbohydrates in sweet compared with grain sorghum[J].Crop Science,1990,30:1109-1115.
[4] Zelitch I.The close relationship between net photosynthesis and crop yield[J] Bioscience,1982,32:796-802.
[5] Pendleton J W,Hammond J J.Relative photosynthetic potential for grain yield of various leaf canopy levels of corn[J].Agronomy Journal,1969,61:911-913.
[6] Palmer A F E,Heichel G H,Musgrave R B.Patterns of translocation,respiratory loss,and redistribution of 14c in maize labeled after flowering[J].Crop Science,1973,13:371-376.
[7] Rawson H M,Hindmarsh J H,Fischer R A,et al.Changes in leaf photosynthesis with plant ontogeny and relationships with yield per ear in wheat cultivars and 120 progeny[J].Australian Journal of Plant Physiology,1983,10:503-514.
[8] Subedi K D,Ma B L.Nitrogen uptake and partitioning in stay-green and leafy maize hybrids[J].Crop Science,2005,45:740-747.
[9] Fischer K,Wilson G.Studies of grain production in Sorghum vulgare.II.Sites responsible for grain dry matter production during the post-anthesis period[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1971,22:39-47.
[10] Petrini C,Belletti A,Salamini F.accumulation and distribution of dry matter and soluble carbohydrates in two sweet sorghm cultivars:influence of sowing date and harvesting time[J].European Journal of Agronomy,1993,2:185-192.
[11] Song G Y,Su Y M.The variation of brix in juice and accumulation of sweet sorghum[M]//Li D J.Proceedings of the National Training Course on Sweet Sorghum and Abstracts on Sweet Sorghum at the First National Sweet Sorghum Conference.Beijing,China,1995:180.
[12] Lee Tarply,Sarah.Lingle,Donald M Vietor,et al.Enzymatic control of nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations in stems and panicles of sorghum[J].Crop science,1994,34:446-452.
[14] Yemm E W,Willis A J.The estimation of carbohydrates in plant extracts by anthrone[J].Biochemical Journal,1954,57:508-514.
[15] 魏艳丽,王辉,冯毅,等.减源对不同穗型小麦品种干物质积累及其运转的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2008,28(3):507-512.
[16] Rajendran C,Ramamoorthy K,Backiyarani S.Effect of beheading on juice quality characteristics and sugar yield of sweet sorghum[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2000,185(1):23-26.
[17] Broadhead D M.Effects of deheading on stalk yield and juice quality of Rio sweet sorghum[J].Crop Science,1973,13:395-397.
[18] Fortmeier R,Schubert S.Storage of non-structural carbohydrates in sweet sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L) Moench]:Comparison of sterile and fertile lines[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science-zeitschrift Fur Acker Und Pflanzenbau,1995,175(3):189-193.
[19] Tsuchihashi N,Goto Y.Cultivation of sweet sorghum[Sorghum gicolor(L.) Moench] and determination of its harvest time to make use as the raw material for fermentation,practiced during rainy season in dry land of Indonesia[J].Plant Production Science,2004,7(4):442-448.
[20] Choudhary S D.Effects of date of harvest on juice yield and brix of high energy sorghum[J].Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural Universities,1990,15(2):232-233.
[21] Ashwathama V H,Channappagoudar B B,Chetti M B,et al.Studies on the biophysical,yield and quality characters in sweet sorghum genotypes[M]//Li D J.Proceedings of First International Sweet Sorghum Conference,Beijing,China,1997:293-297.
[22] Subedi K D,Ma B L.Nitrogen uptake and partitioning in stay-green and leafy maize hybrids[J].Crop Science,2005,45:740-747.
[23] Rawson H M,Hindmarsh J H,Fischer R A,et al.Changes in leaf photosynthesis with plant ontogeny and relationships with yield per ear in wheat cultivars and 120 progeny[J].Australian Journal of Plant Physiology,1983,10:503-514.
[24] Asghar M,Ingram B F.Effects of defoliation on dryland wheat production in central Queensland[J].Australian J of Experiment Agriculture,1993,33:349-351.
[25] 黄瑞冬,刘哲,许文娟,等.不同叶片对高粱生长发育和产量形成的作用[J].作物杂志,2003:13-15.

[1]	吕亮杰, 刘少兴, 陈希勇, 赵爱菊, 孙丽静, 李辉. 干旱胁迫下不同类型小麦灌浆期营养物质积累动态[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(2): 89-98.
[2]	再吐尼古丽·库尔班, 吐尔逊·吐尔洪, 涂振东, 艾克拜尔·伊拉洪. 不同施肥对干旱区高粱叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(2): 127-134.
[3]	黄晨晨, 宋晓, 黄绍敏, 张珂珂, 岳克. 不同磷效率小麦根系形态、磷素转运及产量的差异分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(2): 169-175.
[4]	李培培, 黄柯铭, 申凤敏, 仝昊天, 田志强, 韩燕来. 绿肥间作与氮肥减施对砂姜黑土微生物的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(4): 145-152.
[5]	贾斯淳, 王娜, 郝兴宇, 宗毓铮, 张东升, 李萍. 不同干旱胁迫处理对大豆品种生长及逆境生理的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(5): 137-144.
[6]	吴立鹏, 张士荣, 娄金华, 魏立兴, 孙泽强, 刘盛林, 丁效东. 秸秆还田与优化施氮对稻田土壤碳氮含量及产量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(4): 158-166.
[7]	郭琳琳, 罗静, 庞荣丽, 王瑞萍, 黄玉南, 乔成奎, 李君, 庞涛, 谢汉忠. CPPU处理猕猴桃常温贮藏过程中果实糖含量相关基因的表达分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(1): 40-45.
[8]	陈松鹤, 徐开未, 白燕, 解晋, 胡斐, 王妮, 刘明, 王文莉, 陈远学. 不同氮用量下玉米不同部位生物量、养分含量及饲用品质的比较研究[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(3): 189-195.
[9]	李飞, 郭利双, 李景龙, 肖才升. 施氮水平对油棉连作棉花氮磷钾吸收、分配与利用的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(3): 196-202.
[10]	费超, 张士荣, 梁斌, 李俊良, 江丽华, 徐钰, 丁效东. 不同种植年限设施菜地土壤微生物量磷变化特征及相关性分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(1): 195-202.
[11]	吴立鹏, 张士荣, 娄金华, 魏立兴, 王凯荣, 丁效东. 有机无机配施对滨海盐渍化土壤磷含量及水稻生长、产量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(1): 203-210.
[12]	丁芳, 曾路生, 石元亮, 王玲莉, 房娜娜. 抑制剂NAM对盐渍土壤酶活性、微生物量和蔬菜品质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2017, 32(S1): 296-301.
[13]	龙文飞, 傅志强, 钟娟, 苏姗, 李康丽. 节水灌溉条件下氮密互作对双季晚稻丰源优299物质生产特性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2017, 32(2): 185-193.
[14]	赵辉, 王琳琳, 宋宁宁, 王芳丽, 刘君, 王凯荣, 史衍玺. 设施土壤中微生物生物量碳和脱氢酶活性对镉与邻苯二甲酸酯复合污染的响应[J]. 华北农学报, 2017, 32(2): 232-238.
[15]	张仟雨, 李萍, 宗毓铮, 董琦, 尹美强, 胡晓雪, 郝兴宇. 干旱对大豆生理及产量影响的研究[J]. 华北农学报, 2016, 31(5): 140-145.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容