不同干旱胁迫处理对大豆品种生长及逆境生理的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751770

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨为研究不同时期、不同程度干旱对大豆品种生理的影响，选取2个不同抗旱性的大豆品种，采用盆栽控水试验，分别设置湿润（CK）、持续轻度干旱（T1）、持续中度干旱（T2）、鼓粒期干旱（T3）处理，研究不同生育时期干旱胁迫下大豆抗逆指标及生理特征，探讨大豆响应不同发育期、不同干旱强度的生理机理。结果表明，在干旱条件下，2个大豆品种的叶绿素含量都有所上升，晋大早春2号在前期上升比较明显，鼓粒期晋大早春2号的上升幅度不如晋大74；晋大早春2号在轻度干旱及中度干旱处理的各个发育期MDA含量增加显著，晋大74中度干旱处理的POD活性和MDA含量均显著增加；在分枝期时，晋大74在中度干旱时还原糖含量显著下降，在鼓粒期，晋大早春2号大豆叶片还原糖含量均显著增加，晋大74只有鼓粒期中度干旱处理下还原糖含量显著增加，但在开花期时，晋大早春2号的还原糖含量下降，晋大74的还原糖含量显著增加；2个大豆品种的株高、节数、茎粗在干旱胁迫下均下降，其中，晋大74的株高、茎粗下降更明显。晋大74的综合抗逆能力要高于晋大早春2号，这可能与晋大74在干旱条件下可以通过减少植株高度，从而减少水分消耗，提高其抗旱性有关。

关键词: 大豆, 干旱胁迫, 抗氧化物酶, 生物量

Abstract: To study the physiological effects of different degrees of drought on soybean cultivars in different development periods. Two soybean cultivars with different drought resistances were taken as the experiment materials to study the effects of drought stress on the resistance index and physiological characteristics of soybean in different growth periods, and to explore the physiological mechanism of soybean response to different drought intensities at different developing stages in pot culture. Four treatments were set up:continuous mild drought stress (T1), continuous moderate drought stress(T2), drought stress in full seed stage (T3) and without drought stress(CK). The results showed that under drought stress, the chlorophyll contents of both soybean cultivars increased, and Jindazaochun 2 was more obvious at early stage, but it was less than that of Jinda 74 at grain-filling stage. Under continuous mild drought stress and continuous moderate drought stress, the MDA content of Jindazaochun 2 at different growth stages significantly increased, while the POD and MDA contents of Jinda 74 significantly increased under continuous moderate drought stress. At the branching stage, the content of reducing sugar in Jinda 74 decreased significantly during moderate drought. In the Granulation stage, the reducing sugar content of soybean leaves in Jindazaochun 2 was significantly increased, Jinda 74 was only reduced under drought treatment in the Granulation stage. At flowering stage, reducing sugar content reduced in Jindazaochun 2, but increased significantly in Jinda 74. It was found that drought had a great influence on reducing the plant height, node number, stem diameter of both cultivars. The decrease in plant height and stem diameter of Jinda 74 was more obvious. The resistance of Jinda 74 to drought was higher than that of Jindazaochun 2, which was related to the reduction of plant height and water consumption under continuous drought conditions. The results will provide a basis for comprehensive understanding of the soybean resistance to drought stress.

Key words: Soybean, Droughts stress, Antioxidant enzyme, Biomass

中图分类号:

S565.01

贾斯淳, 王娜, 郝兴宇, 宗毓铮, 张东升, 李萍. 不同干旱胁迫处理对大豆品种生长及逆境生理的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(5): 137-144. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751770.

JIA Sichun, WANG Na, HAO Xingyu, ZONG Yuzheng, ZHANG Dongsheng, LI Ping. Effects of Different Drought Stresses on Growth and Physiological Properties of Soybean[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(5): 137-144. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751770.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/I5/137

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