玉米花丝响应干旱胁迫的转录组学分析

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194627

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究花丝对干旱胁迫的分子响应,以安农591和先玉335为材料,设置土壤含水量为80%田间持水量(CK)和60%田间持水量(DS)的2个处理,在玉米花丝伸长速增期取样,进行转录组测序。通过对比2个品种干旱组和对照组的基因表达差异,明确玉米花丝响应干旱的关键通路和相关候选基因。结果表明:苯丙烷类生物合成途径(ko00940)和淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径(ko00500)为玉米花丝响应干旱的关键通路。在苯丙烷类生物合成途径通路中编码4-香豆酸-辅酶A连接酶(4CL)、肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶(CCR)、肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的基因在干旱的玉米花丝中低表达。相关分析表明,编码4CL、CCR、CAD和POD的基因下调与木质素含量降低有关。在淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径中转化酶和蔗糖合酶基因在干旱的玉米花丝中低表达;相关分析表明,转化酶和蔗糖合酶基因下调与蔗糖代谢有关。综上所述,本研究确定了参与蔗糖和木质素代谢的关键基因和代谢物,木质素合成可能与玉米花丝耐旱相关,4CL、CCR、CAD和POD是木质素合成通路中玉米花丝耐旱的候选基因;此外,淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径可能与花丝伸长和花丝耐旱有关,转化酶和蔗糖合酶可能是调控花丝耐旱的关键酶。

关键词: 玉米, 花丝, 干旱胁迫, 转录组, 苯丙烷类生物合成途径, 淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径

Abstract:

To investigate the molecular response to drought stress of silks,two treatments with soil moisture content of 80% field holding capacity (CK) and 60% field holding capacity (DS) were set up using Annong 591 and Xianyu 335,and the maize silks were sampled during the rapid increase in silk elongation,and transcriptome sequencing was performed.By comparing the gene expression differences between the drought and control groups of the two varieties,the key pathways and related candidate genes of maize silks in response to drought were clarified.The results showed that the phenylpropane biosynthesis pathway (ko00940) and starch and sucrose metabolism pathway (ko00500) were the key pathways in maize silk response to drought.In the phenylpropane biosynthetic pathway 4CL,CCR,CAD and POD genes were lowly expressed in drought-prone maize silks.Correlation analysis showed that down-regulation of 4CL,CCR,CAD and POD genes was associated with reduced lignin content.Converting enzyme and sucrose synthase genes in the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways were lowly expressed in drought maize silks.Correlation analysis indicated that down-regulation of convertase and sucrose synthase genes was associated with sucrose metabolism.In summary,this study identified key genes and metabolites involved in sucrose and lignin metabolism.The lignin synthesis are associated with drought tolerance in maize silks,and 4CL, CCR,CAD,and POD are the candidate genes for drought tolerance in maize silks.In addition,the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways are associated with silk elongation and drought tolerance of silks,and invertase and sucrose synthase are the main candidate key enzymes.

Key words: Maize, Silks, Drought stress, Transcriptome, Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, Starch and sucrose metabolism

朱凡, 徐芷琪, 段雨洁, 李阳阳, 宋有洪. 玉米花丝响应干旱胁迫的转录组学分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(1): 37-47. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194627.

ZHU Fan, XU Zhiqi, DUAN Yujie, LI Yangyang, SONG Youhong. Transcriptomic Analysis of Maize Silks in Response to Drought Stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(1): 37-47. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194627.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2024/V39/I1/37

图/表 8

表1 安农591和先玉335对照组(CK)和干旱组(DS)ASI和花丝平均伸长速率

Tab.1 The average elongation rate of ASI and filaments in the control group (CK) and drought group (DS) of AN591 and XY335

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	开花吐丝间隔期/d ASI	花丝平均伸长速率 (cm/(℃·d)) Average filament elongation rate
安农591	CK	1	0.10
AN591	DS	2	0.08
先玉335	CK	1	0.10
XY335	DS	3	0.07

图1 生物学重复平行性检验 A.PCA主成分分析;B.样本相关性分析。

Fig.1 Biological repeated parallelism test A.PCA principal component analysis;B.Sample correlation analysis.

图2 安农591和先玉335差异基因数目统计图

Fig.2 Statistics on the number of differential genes between AN591 and XY335

图3 干旱处理下安农591和先玉335差异表达下调基因的KEGG注释

Fig.3 KEGG annotation between AN591 and XY335 differentially expressed genes under drought treatment

图4 安农591和先玉335注释到KEGG通路的差异表达基因 A.安农591苯丙烷类生物合成途径;B.先玉335苯丙烷类生物合成途径;C.安农591淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径;D.先玉335淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径。图中绿色标注为基因在干旱胁迫下表达量下调;蓝色标注是基因在干旱胁迫下表达量既有上调又有下调;红色标注是基因在干旱胁迫下表达量上调。图5同。

Fig.4 AN591 and XY335 annotated to differentially expressed genes in the KEGG pathway A.Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in AN591;B.Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in XY335;C.Starch and sucrose metabolism in AN591;D.Starch and sucrose metabolism in XY335.The graphs are marked in green for down-regulation of gene expression following drought stress;in blue for both up-and down-regulation of gene expression following drought stress;in red for up-regulation of gene expression following drought stress.The same as Fig.5.

图5 安农591和先玉335上下调差异表达基因聚类热图

Fig.5 Heat map of clustering of up-and down-regulated differentially expressed genes in AN591 and XY335

图6 安农591和先玉335对照组(CK)和干旱组(DS)的平均POD活性不同小写字母表示不同处理差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.6 Average POD activity of AN591 and XY335 control and drought groups Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences under different treatments(P<0.05).

表2 安农591和先玉335对照组(CK)和干旱组(DS)转化酶活性

Tab.2 Invertase activity of AN591 and XY335 control and drought groups

指标 Index	处理 Treatments	品种Variety
指标 Index	处理 Treatments	安农591 AN591	先玉335 XY335
细胞壁转化酶/(U/g)	CK	584.94±18.18a	544.72±32.61a
CWIN	DS	450.55±27.59b	519.00±19.43a
酸性转化酶/(μg/(min·g))	CK	493.93±55.76b	438.62±39.80a
VIN	DS	552.98±89.27ab	497.69±50.77a
中性转化酶/(U/g)	CK	193.15±29.88a	133.47±6.56b
NI	DS	150.95±10.26a	229.86±5.57a

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