摘要： 试验采用盆栽方法,通过设置不同的土壤水分条件,研究不同土壤水分对冬小麦生长发育的影响,从器官水平上考察了水分条件对冬小麦物质积累、分配等的影响,并建立了产量和耗水量的关系方程。在水分适宜条件下,茎杆所占比例较小,为32%,穗部占39%,而过度灌溉和严重水分胁迫条件下,茎杆所占比例较大,分别为43%和34%,穗部所占比例较小,仅为41%和27%。在不同等级水分条件下,均以茎杆对产量的贡献最大。相对适宜的土壤水分条件(70%~60%)时,茎杆对产量的贡献最大,为0.97 g/茎,水分胁迫严重条件下,叶片对冬小麦产量贡献比适宜土壤水分条件时的叶片贡献要大一些,为0.79 g/茎。根据试验产量和耗水量回归分析表明,泰安地区在现有的肥水水平和栽培技术条件下,冬小麦的理论最大产量为0.62 kg/m2,耗水量702.35 mm,最高水分利用率17.65%,冬小麦在拔节至扬花浇水显得尤为重要,生产上应特别注意加强扬花水、灌浆期水分管理。
关键词:
冬小麦,
水分胁迫,
干物质分配,
水分利用效率
Abstract: Under potted plant, using Lumai 23,winter wheat as specimen, experiments based on the research of water stress, Dry??matter accumulation, part ition and yield of winter by different water stress from jointing sages to flowering stage was analyzed.The relationship between yield and evapotranspiation was built. The proportion of stem was low under the fitting water condition, there were 32% of stem and 39% of spike. But on the condition of high water stress andmore wa??Uter, the proportion of stem became higher and the proportion of spike was lower.On the condit ion of high water stress, the proportion of stem and spike were 43%and 34%, and when redundant water condition, the proport ion of stem and spike were 43%and 27%, The contribution from stem to yield was 0. 97 g/ stem under the gravimetric soil water content 70% to 60%, on the condition of serious stress the contribution from leaves to yield were higher was 0??72 g/ stem.The relationship between yield and irrigated evapotranspiration indicated that the highest theoretical yield was 0. 62 kg/ m2( 6 200 kg/ ha) in Taian city shandong province under present fert ilizer and agronomic measure,The evapotranspiration at highest yield was 702. 35 mm, the highest water use efficiency was 17??65%,The flowering and jointing stages are two periods during which winter wheat is especially sensitive to soil water. Attent ions should be paid on management of soil water in the field during the flowering and grain filling stages.
Key words:
Winter wheat,
Water stress,
Dry??matter part ition,
Water use efficiency
中图分类号:
盖江南, 毕建杰, 刘建栋, 张兴强. 水分胁迫对冬小麦干物质分配的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2008, 23(S2): 5-9. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2008.S2.002.
GAI Jiang-nan, BI Jian-jie, LIU Jian-dong, ZHANG Xing-qiang. Effect of Water Stress on Dry-matter Partition of Winter Wheat[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2008, 23(S2): 5-9. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2008.S2.002.