摘要： 采用肥料定位试验与土壤养分系统研究法相结合的方法,探讨北方裸菜地主要种植方式大白菜—辣椒轮作中土壤自然供氮、磷、钾、锌、硼能力,土壤氮、磷、钾的收支平衡及相应土壤养分的消长状况。主要结果:大白菜—辣椒轮作中:全肥处理(NPKZnB)大白菜和辣椒的年均产量分别为111.6,23.7 t/hm2,-N、-P、-K的相对产量分别为全肥的56.7%,63.6%,84.7%;辣椒上-N-、P-、K、-Zn-、B的相对产量分别为全肥的45.8%,45.9%,67.7%,88.0%,84.9%,差异均达到显著水平。大白菜限制产量的因子为:N>P>K,辣椒为:N,P>K>Zn,B。P2O5用量180kg/hm2,K2O用量300 kg/hm2的处理,土壤磷和钾养分分别盈余70.3%和2.0%,土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)、有效钾分别年均增加3.3和37.2 mg/kg,积累的土壤有效磷和有效钾分别占土壤磷和钾积累量的7.1%和28.3%。大白菜茬口N,P2O5,K2O推荐用量为225,90,150 kg/hm2,辣椒茬口分别为337.5,213,337.5 kg/hm2并配合施用一定的锌和硼肥。

关键词: 肥料定位, 大白菜-辣椒轮作, 产量效应, 供应能力, 养分平衡

Abstract: In this study on the impacts of N, P, K, Zn and B fertilization on yields of Chinese Cahbage and Capsicumrotation in Aquie-cinnamon soils was carried out from 2001 to 2004. In contrast to the control with N, P, K, B and Zn fer-tilizer applied，一N，一P，一K treatments significantly reduced Chinese Cabbage yield，the ratio were 56.7%，63. 6%，84. 7%respectively, but the ratio in the Capsicum were 45.8%，45.9% and 67.7%，additionally, significant impacts ofB and Zn fertiliaation on Caps icum were found. Through this study, the order of impacts of N, P and K fertilization on Chinose Cabbie were N> P> I}, and N, P> K> Zn, B on Capsicum. Phosphorus and Nitrogen surplus were 70.3% and2. 0% in the treatment with phosphate( 180 kg/ ha P₂O₅)and potaasium(300kg/h a K₂2O) applied，but deficit in一N，-P and一K treatments.The contention of OlserrP and the available-K increased 3. 3 and 37. 2 mg/ kg annually. The ree-ommendirg of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O application rate for Chinese Cabbage are 225, 90, 150 kg/ha respectively, and 337. 5,135, 337. 5 kg/ ha for Capsicum.

Key words: Long-term experiment, Chinese cabbage and Capsicum rotation, Yield response, Capacity of nutrient, The balance of input and output

中图分类号: 

• S147.2