摘要： 采用田间磷肥试验和田间定位监测相结合的方法,研究了不同磷用量下土壤磷素的动态积累对土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)在大白菜和辣椒上的产量反应,探讨用土壤有效磷反映土壤供磷能力和作为推荐磷肥用量的依据。结果表明:磷肥和土壤Olsen-P在白菜和辣椒上的产量效应均符合一元二次式。土壤磷素收支平衡33.7%~680.4%,土壤Olsen-P占土壤磷积累量的17.7%~28.9%。0~20 cm日光温室土壤磷素收支平衡124.1%~293.6%,0~20 cm土壤Olsen-P的年均积累量为23.1~32.2 mg/kg,土壤Olsen-P占土壤磷积累量的16.6%~24.2%。20~100 cm日光温室土壤Olsen-P的增加量随着施磷时间的延长而逐渐增加。土壤Olsen-P在植物上的产量效应符合一元二次式。农田磷的积累量与土壤Olsen-P的增加量呈直线正相关,土壤Olsen-P的增加量占农田积累磷的17.7%~28.9%。土壤供磷能力和磷素平衡是确定磷肥用量的重要参数。

关键词: 磷平衡, 土壤供磷, 磷积累, 产量效应

Abstract: The balance of input and output phosphorus and dynamic accumulating in vegetable field were studied.The yield response of Chinese cabbage and capsicum to phosphate fertilizer and soil residual phosphorus was also investi2gated by determining soil sample in two2year experiment field and over five2year green house. The aimof paper was to ex2plore the yield response to available P(Olsen2P)in soil in order to recommend phosphate fertilizer application. The mainresults showed that the yield response equation of Chinese cabbage and capsicum to phosphate fertilizer and Olsen2P ac2corded with the quadratic. The rate of balance of input and output P was 3317 % - 68014 %,and the accumulated Olsen2P accounted for 1717 % - 2819 % of total residual P in the soil.Olsen2P in 0 - 20 cm green house soil increased 2311 -3212 mg/kg each year and 20 - 100 cm soil increased gradually with the time of phosphate fertilizer application. The rateof balance of input and output P in 0 - 20 cm soil in green house was 12411 % - 29316 %. The accumulated available P(Olsen2P)accounted for 1616 % - 2412 % of total residual P in the green house soil. The yield response of vegetable toOlsen2P accorded with the quadratic. There existed positive linear relation between residual phosphorus in soil and in2creased Olsen2P. The accumulated Olsen2P accounted for 1717 % - 2819 % of total residual P in the soil. The phosphateapplication rate should be calculated according with the background amount of soil Olsen2P and the balance of input andoutput phosphorus.

Key words: Phosphorus balance, The capacity of soil phosphorus supply, Soil phosphorus accumulation, Y ield response

中图分类号: 

• S153.6