摘要： 采用回交转育与分子标记相结合的手段，对育种上广泛运用的3个骨干自交系郑58、78和昌72进行改良，成功创建了高赖氨酸近等基因系。对回交转育成的高赖氨酸近等基因系QZ58、Q78和QC72进行表型分析和研究，结果表明，马齿型的郑58、78和硬粒型的昌72经过相同的转育手段转育成含有o₂o₂纯合基因型的近等基因系胚乳硬质度发生了很大的变异。从表型来看，QZ58和Q78家系仅有少数几种表现型，而QC72家系却出现了一系列的连续变异。3个骨干系转化前后容重差均值相差很少（郑58与QZ58差均值为107g/L；78与Q78差均值为105g/L；昌72与QC72差均值为102g/L），但降低幅度有很大差异（郑58容重降低幅度为8~17g/L；78为92~119g/L；昌72为68~125g/L），其中昌72的变幅最大。转化后近等基因系胚乳硬质度总体趋势为QC72＞Q78＞QZ58，与转化前一致。这说明o₂基因对不同种质玉米胚乳硬质度降低的总体趋势一致，但效果具有明显差异。

关键词: 近等基因系, SSR标记, 胚乳质地

Abstract: This paper established QZ58 and Q478 and QC72 isogenic lines; which were from normal corn lines Zheng 58 and 478 and Chang 72.And analyzed the hardness of different endosperm types among QZ58 and Q478 and QC72.The results showed that there were 6 different endosperm types among QC72 isogenic line and only 3 endosperm types among QZ58 and 478 isogenic lines.The hardness QC72 appears a series of continuous variations.The current of the remainder of litter weight is QC72 Q478 QZ58.The higher is liter weight of recurrent parent,the higher is it of its genealogical line.So it is important to chose a hard endosperm line as recurrent parent when corn breeding in Quality Protein Maize(QPM)

Key words: Isogenic line, SSR marker, Endosperm quality

中图分类号: 

• S513.03