摘要： 以普通小麦品种为材料，对不同供氮水平下植株碳、氮物质积累分配特征及与籽粒蛋白质的关系进行了探讨。结果表明，籽粒积累的氮素主要来自前期营养器官贮存氮素的再分配，但不同品种存在着差异。低蛋白品种京花1号对前期营养器官贮存氮素再分配的依赖性更强，中蛋白品种冀麦23次之，高蛋白品种京771除依赖于前者外，还依赖于生育后期植株对氮素的继续同化和吸收。在籽粒生长发育过程中，籽粒氮素含量的变化曲线呈凹形，全糖含量呈凸形，籽粒氮的积累曲线呈”S“形。与低蛋白品种相比，高蛋白品种籽粒碳氮化合物的积累较为平衡。各品种籽粒产量和蛋白质含量都受供氮水平的影响，在一定的供氮范围内增施氮肥，籽粒产量和蛋白质含量可同步增加。

关键词: 普通小麦, 碳氮积累, 蛋白质含量

Abstract: A field trial was conducted to study the relationship between protein content and accumulation and distribution of carbohydrate(C)and nitrogen(N)by using “high”and “low”protein wheat varieties with N fertilizer application.The results indicated that N was mainly accumulated in leaves before anthesis,and after that in grains.Grain N for the low protein variety “Jing Hua 1”was mainly redistributed from N that accumulated in vegetative parts in earlier stage,for the high protein varieties“Jing 771”and “Jimai 23”,however,not only the former,but also continuous absorption and assimilation of N after anthesis.Concentration of N in grain as a percentage of dry matter was high initially,then declined,and again showed a rise until maturity,but the change of concentration of C in grain was just opposite.“S”curve of grain N accumulation was observed.Changes of accumulation of C and N in the grain of “high”protein varieties were relatively parallel,but for “low”protein varieties were not.Both grain yield and protein content were affected by N fertilizer.They were enhanced simultaneously at appropriate N fertilizer application.

Key words: Wheat, Accumulation and distribution of N and C, Protein content

中图分类号: 

• S512.101