摘要： 本文研究了大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的细胞学过程,主要结论是:小孢子母细胞减数分裂胞质分裂为连续型,四分体排列为左右对称型.小孢子第一次有丝分裂形成生殖和营养细胞.生殖细胞再分裂一次,形成一对精子.所以,大麦的成熟花粉粒为三细胞型.绒毡层为分泌型.母细胞减数分裂时,绒毡层细胞内多数具双核.小孢子释放前,绒毡层开始退化,二核花粉粒时仅留残痕.

关键词: 大麦, 小孢子发生, 雄配子体发育

Abstract: This paper studied the cytological process of microsporogensis and formation of male gametophyte in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ). The main conclusions are as follows.The cytokinesis of microsporocyte is of successive type. Arrangement of microspores in a tetrad is isobilateral shaped. The first microspore mitosis forms generative and vegetative cells. The generative cell undergoes another mitosis to form a pair of sperms. So the mature pollen of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ) is 3 -celled type.Tapetum conforms to secretory type. During the microsporocyte meiosis, most of the tapetal cells have two nuclei. Before the microspores release, the tapetum began fo degenerate. At the stage of 2 -celled pollen grain, the tapetum only remains remnants.

Key words: Barley, Microsporogenesis, Development of male gametophyte