Abstract: In order to clarify the nutrient uptake and distribution characteristics, and fertilizer requirements of tomato during the whole growth stage,the dry matter accumulation,nutrient element content,nutrient uptake cumulative dynamics, and nutrient uptake and distribution of tomato in autumn winter (AW) and winter spring (WS) seasons were studied by the field investigation and sampling,to provide the theoretical guidance of supply-demand balanced nutrient and reasonable fertilization. The results showed that, the order of crop nutrient uptake was:K₂O > N > Ca > P₂O₅ > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > B > Cu,the uptake ratios of N:P₂O₅:K₂O in the AW and WS seasons were 1:0.4:2.1 and 1:0.3:1.2,and the demand ratios of N:P₂O₅:K₂O in the seedling stage,flowering stage and picking stage of the whole growth stage were 1:0.5:1.9,1:0.4:1.8,and 1:0.3:1.7,respectively. For each ton of tomato fruit produced,the crop uptakes of the N,P₂O₅,K₂O,Ca,and Mg were 2.5-2.6 kg,0.9-1.0 kg,3.3-5.4 kg,2.2-2.3 kg,0.4-0.5 kg,respectively,and the crop uptakes of Fe,Zn,Mn,B and Cu were 18.0-20.3 g,4.1-12.6 g,5.0-7.3 g,2.8-4.3 g,1.7-3.4 g,respectively. The crop uptakes of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium,calcium and magnesium, and iron manganese and zinc were mainly concentrated in the picking stage,the ratios were 53.6%,47.7%,50.5%,respectively;and the crop uptakes of boron and copper were concentrated in the flowering stage (36.6%). The nutrients distribution in the tomato stem and leaf,and fruit were different, nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were mainly carried out by tomato fruit (62.9%-73.7%),and the middle and trace elements were mainly carried by tomato stem and leaf (64.8%-91.2%). In summary,during the fertilizer period,in the seedling stage it should be based on a comprehensive nutrient-based base fertilizer, the real-time and effective supply of nutrients during the flowering stage,and the nutrient supply of medium and trace elements should be appropriately increased. Returning tomato straw to the field was beneficial to reuse of medium and trace elements,reduced waste of resources caused by excessive fertilization,and effectively alleviated soil quality problems.

Key words: Facility tomato, Medium and trace elements, Nutrient demand, Formula fertilization

CLC Number: 

• S146