不同复配比例有机调理剂施用对滨海盐化农田大豆生长及土壤性状影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196463

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤盐渍化是影响农田生产力提高的重要制约因素。针对滨海盐化土壤质量差、生产力低等问题,设置盆栽试验,探究不同用量和配比的有机土壤调理剂施用对滨海盐化农田大豆生长及土壤性状的影响。结果表明,综合分析SOD、CAT、MDA等抗盐生理指标状况来看,T3(乳糖肽用量225 kg/hm²,乳糖肽:肌醇=10:1)、T5(乳糖肽用量225 kg/hm²,乳糖肽:肌醇=20:1)处理改善效果较好;综合对比前期和中期长势来看,以T5处理长势状况较好,其次是T2(乳糖肽用量225 kg/hm²,乳糖肽:肌醇=5:1)处理;干物质积累量和养分吸收方面以T16(乳糖肽用量900 kg/hm²,乳糖肽:肌醇=15:1)、T17(乳糖肽用量900 kg/hm²,乳糖肽:肌醇=20:1)与T2处理较好,明显高出对照处理;偏生产力和农学效率在T2处理均最高,为1.11,0.87 g/kg,同时复配比例在5:1~15:1时改善土壤水溶性离子的效果较好。综合来看,以乳糖肽用量225 kg/hm²,乳糖肽与肌醇复配比例为5:1~10:1的T2和T3处理在节省成本投入,保持改良效果方面最佳。

关键词: 大豆, 有机调理剂, 农学效率, 土壤性状, 土壤生产力

Abstract:

Soil salinization is an important constraint on the improvement of farmland productivity.In view of the poor quality and low productivity of coastal salinized soil,a pot experiment was set up to explore the effects of different dosages and ratios of organic soil conditioners on the growth and soil properties of soybean in coastal salinized farmland.The results showed that the comprehensive analysis of the physiological indicators of salt resistance,such as SOD,CAT,and MDA,showed that T3(lactose peptide 225 kg/ha,lactose peptide:inositol=10:1)and T5(lactose peptide 225 kg/ha,lactose peptide:inositol=20:1)had good improvement effects.Comparing the growth trend in the early and medium stages,T5 treatment showed good growth status,followed by T2(lactose peptide dosage 225 kg/ha,lactose peptide:inositol=5:1).In terms of dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake,T16(lactose peptide dosage 900 kg/ha,lactose peptide:inositol=15:1),T17(lactose peptide dosage 900 kg/ha,lactose peptide:inositol=20:1)and T2 were better than those of the control treatment.The partial productivity and agronomic efficiency were the highest in T2,which were 1.11,0.87 g/kg,and the compound ratio was 5:1—15:1,which had a better effect on improving soil water-soluble ions.Taken together,the T2 and T3 treatments with a lactose peptide dosage of 225 kg/ha and a lactose peptide and inositol compound ratio of 5:1~10:1 were the best in terms of saving cost and maintaining the improvement effect.

Key words: Soybean, Organic conditioner, Agronomic efficiency, Soil traits, Soil productivity

中图分类号:

S156.2
S153

郭刘明, 卢树昌. 不同复配比例有机调理剂施用对滨海盐化农田大豆生长及土壤性状影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2026, 41(4): 185-192. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196463.

GUO Liuming, LU Shuchang. Effects of Organic Conditioning Agents with Different Compound Ratios on Soybean Growth and Soil Traits in Coastal Salinized Farmland[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(4): 185-192. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196463.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2026/V41/I4/185

图/表 9

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处理 Treatment	株高/cm Plant height		茎粗/cm Stem thickness		叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值) Relative chlorophyll content(SPAD)		净光合速率/(μmol/(m²·s)) Net photosynthetic rate
处理 Treatment	60 d	90 d	60 d	90 d	60 d	90 d	60 d	90 d
T1	32.80±1.02e	38.00±3.27d	0.37±0.04g	0.55±0.04ab	38.20±0.54cd	40.20±1.17ab	—	13.50±1.90a
T2	50.30±1.64a	53.00±1.73ab	0.50±0.01ab	0.63±0.03a	43.40±1.06a	43.00±0.70a	—	14.60±1.07a
T3	40.00±3.27bcd	53.00±1.73ab	0.45±0.02abcdef	0.44±0.19b	39.60±1.14bc	38.20±0.94ab	—	5.90±0.29b
T4	33.00±1.08e	43.00±1.40cd	0.52±0.02a	0.53±0.01ab	37.20±1.52cdef	40.70±1.33ab	—	1.70±0.06fg
T5	44.00±1.63abc	47.00±2.86abc	0.50±0.00ab	0.60±0.00ab	37.10±0.08cdef	43.60±0.65a	—	7.40±1.06ab
T6	44.70±6.41ab	44.00±3.74cd	0.49±0.01abcd	0.52±0.08ab	37.60±0.29cde	37.40±5.30ab	—	4.70±2.45cd
T7	37.10±1.51cde	37.00±2.62d	0.41±0.04fg	0.57±0.07ab	35.20±0.97efg	33.70±1.43bc	—	4.00±0.98cdef
T8	36.10±3.39de	46.00±5.35bc	0.44±0.05bcdef	0.53±0.06ab	33.30±0.40g	37.80±7.92ab	—	1.60±0.29g
T9	40.00±0.00bcd	48.00±0.41abc	0.42±0.02defg	0.56±0.04ab	37.50±1.33cde	38.30±4.41ab	—	6.30±0.24b
T10	43.00±5.14bcd	42.00±4.90cd	0.51±0.01ab	0.50±0.03ab	38.60±1.18cd	38.60±3.92ab	—	7.40±1.04ab
T11	32.00±1.13e	39.00±2.17d	0.33±0.06g	0.43±0.14b	29.90±0.64h	33.40±1.13bc	—	3.30±1.11defg
T12	41.00±3.17bcd	47.00±7.36abc	0.45±0.04abcdef	0.58±0.07ab	35.30±1.28efg	36.90±2.99ab	—	4.10±1.22cde
T13	44.80±1.59ab	54.00±1.76a	0.42±0.05efg	0.55±0.02ab	36.80±0.57def	41.40±1.01a	—	1.40±0.03g
T14	43.30±1.00bc	44.00±0.41cd	0.47±0.05abcdef	0.55±0.10ab	29.40±1.71h	29.60±2.65c	—	6.00±0.15b
T15	40.30±0.61bcd	41.00±1.22cd	0.48±0.00abcde	0.52±0.01ab	34.50±0.24fg	38.40±0.37ab	—	3.50±0.09defg
T16	38.70±4.71bcde	42.00±4.08cd	0.49±0.00abcd	0.57±0.02ab	33.10±2.10g	36.80±3.53ab	—	2.00±0.94efg
T17	38.50±2.65bcde	37.00±1.63d	0.43±0.02cdefg	0.47±0.05ab	41.80±1.96ab	41.70±1.73a	—	2.30±0.37efg

处理 Treatment	株高/cm Plant height		茎粗/cm Stem thickness		叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值) Relative chlorophyll content(SPAD)		净光合速率/(μmol/(m²·s)) Net photosynthetic rate
处理 Treatment	60 d	90 d	60 d	90 d	60 d	90 d	60 d	90 d
T1	32.80±1.02e	38.00±3.27d	0.37±0.04g	0.55±0.04ab	38.20±0.54cd	40.20±1.17ab	—	13.50±1.90a
T2	50.30±1.64a	53.00±1.73ab	0.50±0.01ab	0.63±0.03a	43.40±1.06a	43.00±0.70a	—	14.60±1.07a
T3	40.00±3.27bcd	53.00±1.73ab	0.45±0.02abcdef	0.44±0.19b	39.60±1.14bc	38.20±0.94ab	—	5.90±0.29b
T4	33.00±1.08e	43.00±1.40cd	0.52±0.02a	0.53±0.01ab	37.20±1.52cdef	40.70±1.33ab	—	1.70±0.06fg
T5	44.00±1.63abc	47.00±2.86abc	0.50±0.00ab	0.60±0.00ab	37.10±0.08cdef	43.60±0.65a	—	7.40±1.06ab
T6	44.70±6.41ab	44.00±3.74cd	0.49±0.01abcd	0.52±0.08ab	37.60±0.29cde	37.40±5.30ab	—	4.70±2.45cd
T7	37.10±1.51cde	37.00±2.62d	0.41±0.04fg	0.57±0.07ab	35.20±0.97efg	33.70±1.43bc	—	4.00±0.98cdef
T8	36.10±3.39de	46.00±5.35bc	0.44±0.05bcdef	0.53±0.06ab	33.30±0.40g	37.80±7.92ab	—	1.60±0.29g
T9	40.00±0.00bcd	48.00±0.41abc	0.42±0.02defg	0.56±0.04ab	37.50±1.33cde	38.30±4.41ab	—	6.30±0.24b
T10	43.00±5.14bcd	42.00±4.90cd	0.51±0.01ab	0.50±0.03ab	38.60±1.18cd	38.60±3.92ab	—	7.40±1.04ab
T11	32.00±1.13e	39.00±2.17d	0.33±0.06g	0.43±0.14b	29.90±0.64h	33.40±1.13bc	—	3.30±1.11defg
T12	41.00±3.17bcd	47.00±7.36abc	0.45±0.04abcdef	0.58±0.07ab	35.30±1.28efg	36.90±2.99ab	—	4.10±1.22cde
T13	44.80±1.59ab	54.00±1.76a	0.42±0.05efg	0.55±0.02ab	36.80±0.57def	41.40±1.01a	—	1.40±0.03g
T14	43.30±1.00bc	44.00±0.41cd	0.47±0.05abcdef	0.55±0.10ab	29.40±1.71h	29.60±2.65c	—	6.00±0.15b
T15	40.30±0.61bcd	41.00±1.22cd	0.48±0.00abcde	0.52±0.01ab	34.50±0.24fg	38.40±0.37ab	—	3.50±0.09defg
T16	38.70±4.71bcde	42.00±4.08cd	0.49±0.00abcd	0.57±0.02ab	33.10±2.10g	36.80±3.53ab	—	2.00±0.94efg
T17	38.50±2.65bcde	37.00±1.63d	0.43±0.02cdefg	0.47±0.05ab	41.80±1.96ab	41.70±1.73a	—	2.30±0.37efg

处理 Treatment	碱性磷酸酶活性/(mg/(g·d)) Alkaline phosphatase activity	脲酶活性/ (mg/(g·d)) Urease activity
T1	3.01±0.11a	0.98±0.13d
T2	2.36±0.04d	1.45±0.18bc
T3	2.41±0.03d	1.31±0.20cd
T4	2.49±0.18bcd	1.22±0.18cd
T5	2.73±0.09bc	1.85±0.23a
T6	2.51±0.16bcd	1.93±0.06a
T7	2.49±0.07bcd	1.92±0.27a
T8	2.35±0.07d	1.68±0.15ab
T9	2.44±0.04cd	1.92±0.04a
T10	2.53±0.03bcd	1.80±0.10ab
T11	2.41±0.03d	1.77±0.07ab
T12	2.43±0.27d	1.84±0.24a
T13	2.61±0.30bcd	1.92±0.10a
T14	2.34±0.10d	1.92±0.24a
T15	2.75±0.05ab	1.97±0.05a
T16	2.42±0.07d	1.74±0.04ab
T17	2.57±0.03bcd	1.86±0.14a

处理 Treatment	碱性磷酸酶活性/(mg/(g·d)) Alkaline phosphatase activity	脲酶活性/ (mg/(g·d)) Urease activity
T1	3.01±0.11a	0.98±0.13d
T2	2.36±0.04d	1.45±0.18bc
T3	2.41±0.03d	1.31±0.20cd
T4	2.49±0.18bcd	1.22±0.18cd
T5	2.73±0.09bc	1.85±0.23a
T6	2.51±0.16bcd	1.93±0.06a
T7	2.49±0.07bcd	1.92±0.27a
T8	2.35±0.07d	1.68±0.15ab
T9	2.44±0.04cd	1.92±0.04a
T10	2.53±0.03bcd	1.80±0.10ab
T11	2.41±0.03d	1.77±0.07ab
T12	2.43±0.27d	1.84±0.24a
T13	2.61±0.30bcd	1.92±0.10a
T14	2.34±0.10d	1.92±0.24a
T15	2.75±0.05ab	1.97±0.05a
T16	2.42±0.07d	1.74±0.04ab
T17	2.57±0.03bcd	1.86±0.14a

处理 Treatment	w(Ca²⁺)	w(Mg²⁺)	w(K⁺)	w(Na⁺)	w(${\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$)	w(Cl^-)	w(SO₄^2-)
T1	0.20±0.01c	0.15±0.00d	0.03±0.00b	1.13±0.05bcd	0.03±0.00b	0.14±0.01c	0.17±0.01cd
T2	0.19±0.01cd	0.19±0.00b	0.04±0.00ab	1.13±0.05bcd	0.03±0.00b	0.14±0.01c	0.19±0.01ab
T3	0.19±0.01cd	0.12±0.00f	0.03±0.00b	1.07±0.04cde	0.03±0.00b	0.14±0.01c	0.15±0.01ef
T4	0.18±0.01de	0.17±0.00c	0.03±0.00b	1.07±0.04cde	0.03±0.00b	0.14±0.01c	0.14±0.01ef
T5	0.17±0.01ef	0.12±0.00f	0.04±0.00ab	1.05±0.04cde	0.03±0.00b	0.11±0.00f	0.16±0.01de
T6	0.17±0.01ef	0.07±0.00h	0.03±0.00b	0.87±0.04g	0.03±0.00b	0.09±0.00g	0.11±0.01g
T7	0.22±0.01b	0.11±0.00g	0.04±0.00ab	1.13±0.05bcd	0.03±0.00b	0.15±0.01c	0.16±0.01de
T8	0.22±0.01b	0.11±0.00g	0.03±0.00b	1.16±0.05bc	0.03±0.00b	0.13±0.01d	0.16±0.01de
T9	0.17±0.01ef	0.16±0.00c	0.04±0.00ab	1.12±0.05bcd	0.04±0.00a	0.12±0.01e	0.18±0.01bc
T10	0.22±0.01b	0.11±0.00g	0.03±0.00b	0.93±0.04fg	0.03±0.00b	0.10±0.00g	0.15±0.01eg
T11	0.26±0.01a	0.14±0.00e	0.04±0.00ab	1.21±0.05b	0.03±0.00b	0.15±0.01c	0.18±0.01bc
T12	0.18±0.01de	0.11±0.00g	0.04±0.00ab	1.06±0.04cde	0.03±0.00b	0.12±0.00e	0.14±0.01ef
T13	0.23±0.01b	0.16±0.00c	0.05±0.00a	1.33±0.05a	0.03±0.00b	0.18±0.01a	0.17±0.01cd
T14	0.18±0.01de	0.16±0.00c	0.03±0.00b	0.97±0.04ef	0.03±0.00b	0.12±0.00e	0.18±0.01bc
T15	0.19±0.01cd	0.20±0.00a	0.03±0.00b	1.09±0.04cd	0.03±0.00b	0.16±0.01b	0.20±0.01a
T16	0.22±0.01b	0.16±0.00c	0.04±0.00ab	1.15±0.04bc	0.02±0.00c	0.11±0.00f	0.16±0.01de
T17	0.19±0.01cd	0.15±0.00d	0.03±0.00b	1.09±0.04cd	0.03±0.00b	0.13±0.01d	0.19±0.01ab

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