富氢水显著提高草莓品质和抗氧化性

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196100

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过研究富氢水(H)和普通水(CK)浇灌生长的草莓品质及抗氧化能力,揭示富氢水对提升草莓品质,延长草莓保鲜期的影响作用,为有效减少化肥农药的使用,提高草莓口感品质和食用安全性提供合理依据。以冀九和玉珠草莓为材料,采用富氢水和自来水分别浇灌草莓根部,通过对果实品质指标可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、维生素C含量及保护酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性进行测定,并分别对根系、叶片的形态特征及叶片的叶绿素含量及光合速率进行测定。结果表明,富氢水处理的草莓果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、蔗糖、维生素C含量显著高于普通水处理,且随机森林分析显示,可滴定酸、蔗糖和维生素C是主要影响草莓可溶性固形物的因子。富氢水处理的草莓根系的长、体积、表面积、直径及根尖数量和叶片的长、宽和叶面积及叶绿素和光合速率显著高于普通水处理。25 ℃储存条件下草莓的CAT和SOD活性显著高于4 ℃,且富氢水处理的草莓酶活性显著高于普通水处理。随着草莓储藏时间的延长,CAT活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,并在第3天最高,SOD活性随着贮藏时间的延长无显著变化。以上结果说明,富氢水可提升草莓口感和品质,延长草莓的保鲜期及货架期,达到提质增效的目的。

关键词: 草莓, 富氢水, 抗氧化, 品质

Abstract:

By studying the quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberries irrigated with hydrogen-rich water(H)and ordinary water(CK),the influence of hydrogen-rich water on improving strawberry quality and prolonging strawberry preservation period was revealed,which provided a reasonable basis for effectively reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and improving strawberry taste quality and food safety.Taking Jijiu and Yuzhu strawberries as materials,the roots of strawberries were irrigated with hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water respectively.The contents of soluble solids,titratable acid,fructose,glucose,sucrose,vitamin C and the activities of protective enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)were measured,the morphological characteristics of roots and leaves,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of leaves were measured respectively.The results showed that the contents of soluble solids,titratable acid,sucrose and vitamin C in strawberry fruit treated with hydrogen-rich water were significantly higher than those treated with ordinary water,and random forest analysis showed that titratable acid,sucrose and vitamin C were the main factors affecting the soluble solids of strawberry.The length,volume,surface area,diameter,root tip number,leaf length,width,leaf area,chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate of strawberry treated with hydrogen-rich water were significantly higher than those treated with ordinary water.The activities of CAT and SOD in strawberries stored at 25 ℃ were significantly higher than those at 4 ℃,and the activities of enzymes in strawberries treated with hydrogen-rich water were significantly higher than those in ordinary water treatment.With the extension of strawberry storage time,the activity of CAT first increased and then decreased,and reached the highest on the third day,while the activity of SOD did not change significantly with the extension of storage time.The above results showed that hydrogen-rich water can improve the taste and quality of strawberries,prolong the fresh-keeping period and shelf life of strawberries,and achieve the purpose of improving quality and increasing efficiency.

Key words: Strawberry, Hydrogen-rich water, Antioxidant, Quality

中图分类号:

路鹏, 冯佳, 李莉, 韩亚帆, 杨梦佳, 杨莉, 杨雷. 富氢水显著提高草莓品质和抗氧化性[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(S1): 164-170. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196100.

LU Peng, FENG Jia, LI Li, HAN Yafan, YANG Mengjia, YANG Li, YANG Lei. Hydrogen-rich Water Significantly Improves Strawberry Quality and Oxidation Resistance[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(S1): 164-170. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196100.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2025/V40/IS1/164

图/表 7

图1 富氢水和普通水处理下草莓根系

Fig.1 Root system of strawberry under hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water treatment

表1 富氢水和普通水处理下草莓根系形态特征

Tab.1 Morphological characteristics of strawberry root system under hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water irrigation

处理 Treatment	根长/cm Root length	根表面积/cm² Root surface area	直径/mm Diameter	体积/cm³ Volume	根尖数量 Apex number
YZ-H	1 174±128a	288±52a	0.78±0.06a	5.67±1.46a	1 460±74a
YZ-CK	954±205b	210±51b	0.70±0.03b	3.68±1.02b	1 218±234b

表2 富氢水和普通水处理下草莓叶片特征

Tab.2 Characteristics of strawberry leaves irrigated with hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water

处理 Treatment	叶面积/m² Leaf area	叶长/mm Leaf length	叶宽/mm Leaf width
YZ-CK	26.4±1.2bc	67.3±2.1b	54.0±1.0c
YZ-H	28.2±1.0ab	74.3±3.5a	60.0±3.6b
JJ-H	29.6±0.6a	71.0±2.0ab	65.3±2.1a
JJ-CK	24.6±1.1c	67.3±2.1b	58.7±2.1b

图2 富氢水和普通水处理下草莓叶片相对SPAD和光合速率的动态变化图中不同大写字母表示同一处理草莓在不同时间SPAD和光合速率差异显著(P<0.05);不同小写字母表示相同时间下各处理草莓SPAD和光合速率差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.2 Dynamic changes of SPAD and photosynthetic rate in strawberry leaves under hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water treatment Different capital letters next to the bar represent significant difference of SPAD and photosynthetic rate of the same strawberry in different time(P<0.05);Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference of SPAD and photosynthetic rate of the strawberries in the same time in different treatments(P<0.05).

图3 富氢水和普通水处理下草莓品质图中不同小写字母表示草莓品质指标在各处理差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.3 Strawberry quality under hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water treatment Different lowercase letters on the bar represent significant difference of the strawberry quality indexes in different treatments(P<0.05).

图4 随机森林分析草莓可溶性固形物的主要预测因子

Fig.4 Random forest analysis to identify the main predictors of soluble solids of strawberry

图5 富氢水和普通水处理下草莓酶活性的动态变化不同大写字母表示同一处理草莓在不同贮藏时间酶活性差异显著(P<0.05);不同小写字母表示相同贮藏时间下各处理草莓酶活性差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.5 Dynamic changes of strawberry enzyme activity under hydrogen-rich water and ordinary water treatment Different capital letters represent significant difference of the enzyme activities of the same treated strawberries in different storage time(P<0.05);different lowercase letters indicate the significant difference of the enzyme activities of the strawberries in the same storage time in different treatments(P<0.05).

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