摘要： 对含有不同主效矮秆基因(Rht₁、Rht₂和Rht₁+Rht₂)的三组春小麦进行了两年、两地试验。结果表明，具有半矮秆基因Rht₁，的小麦表现出较高的生物产量、穗粒数和容重，它们以此获得较高的籽粒产量;具有矮秆基因Rht₁和Rht₂的小麦，则表现出较高的干粒重，通过增大收获指数获得高产;在两个半矮秆组内，籽粒产量与株高之间，粒数/m²与干粒重之间均为显著负相关;就矮秆组而言，在籽粒产量与粒数/m²生物产量及生物产量比率之间，生物产量与粒数/²之间，均存在极显著正相关;不同品种矮秆基因的不同构成，形成了各性状间不同的相关关系。

关键词: 春小麦, 矮秆基因, 籽粒产量, 农艺性状

Abstract: Three groups of spring wheat varieties with different major dwarf genes (Rht₁,Rht₂ and Rht₁+Rht₂) were tested at two sites for two years. The results were as follows. The wheat group with semidwarf gene Rht1 enhanced high grain yield as a result of high aboveground biomass yield. more grains per spike and highest weight. The wheat group with dwarf gene Rht₁ +Rht₂ obtained high grain yield by increasing 1000-grain weight and enhancing harvest index.Significant negative correlations were found between grain yield and plant height and between grains per square metre and 1000-grain weight in two wheatgroups wich either Rht₁ or Rht₂.In the wheat group with double dwarf genes. significantly positive correlations were detected between grain yield with grains per square metre. biomass yield. biomass yield rate. and between biomass yield and grains per square metre. Different dwarf gene compositions in different varieties produced different relations between two characteristics.

Key words: Spring wheat, Dwarf gene, Grain yield, Agronomical characteristics

中图分类号: 

• S512.101