摘要： 对31个芝麻品种进行了主成分分析及遗传距离测定和聚类分析，结果表明，31个品种可分为14类，在类群间（D₂≥12.50）组配组合是有效的，类群内组配不利于遗传多样性和优良变异材料的选育。地理远缘品种在遗传上不一定远缘，而近缘品种由于选择方向不同可能成为遗传远缘。

关键词: 芝麻, 主成分分析, 遗传距离, 聚类分析, 品种间杂交

Abstract: On the basis of the principal components analysis of 31 sesame varieties,11 were chosen as the parents in the crossing programme in accordance with the breeding experience.Further genetic distance estimation followed by cluster analysis indicated that:① the 31 varieties could be classified into 14 groups;② it was feasible to mate among the varieties belonging to different groups if their mean genetic distance value were higher than D₂=12.50;③if mating within a group, it was unhelpful to the genetic diversity and the selection of the promising segregants in the offsprings.At the meantime we found that some varieties were classified into geograhpic distant groups but their genetic distances were ciose,and,some varieties whose pedigree were close had larger genetic distance due to the different selection criteria.

Key words: Sesame, Principal components analysis, Genetic distance, Cluster analysis, Intervarietal cross

中图分类号: 

• S565.303.3