摘要： 玉米幼雄穗(1～1.5厘米)离体培养下有三个发育途径:直接出芽(B),非胚性或无形态发生的愈伤组织(SF)和胚性愈伤组织(E-1).结合有关报道在离体条件下的又一发育途径——发育成熟并产生正常花粉(MN),看来这一雄穗离体培养系统适用于研究植物发育的分子生物学.同时,分析了体细胞胚在发育和萌发过程中几种酶的同工酶变化和酶活性变化.提高高体培养细胞中淀粉的积累也许可提高体细胞胚发生的频率.

关键词: 玉米, 幼雄穗, 离体培养, 发育, 酶

Abstract: The young tassels (1-1.5cm long)of maize cultured in vitro can develop in three ways, budding directly (B), non-embryogenic or non-morphogenetic callus (SF), and embryogenic callus (E-l). With another way of develop-ment in vatro (maturing and forming normal pollen, MN)reported by others, it is seemed that this in-vitro-culture-tassel system may be convenient to study molecular biology of plant developmet.In addition, the changes of isozymc pattern and enzyme activity during somatic embryo development and germination were studied. It is possible to increase the frequency of somatic embry-ogenesis by increasing the accumulation of starch in cultured cells in vatro.

Key words: Maize, Young tassel, Culture in vitro, Enzyme