摘要： 为了克服亚麻属不同种间存在的生殖隔离，从而利用亚麻野生种优异基因进行资源创制，采用花粉管通道法将亚麻野生种垂果亚麻的基因组DNA导入到栽培种坝选三号中，获得T₀种子。T₁播种后所获24个单株中有3株发生明显变异，转化后代的株高、工艺长度、分茎数、分枝数及单株蒴果数与受体坝选三号相比较，均发生明显增加。利用18条引物对供体、受体及24株T₁导入材料的基因组DNA进行了RAPD扩增分析，从中筛选到6条多态性引物（OPH20、OPK14、S103、S118、OPJ4、OPT6）对8个样品的DNA扩增产物带型出现明显差异，占全部所用引物的33.3%。RAPD分析表明，D14、D17、D22 3个植株的RAPD谱带中均有来自于供体的特异条带，结合考种数据，认为是供体DNA片段成功整合进了受体基因组中引起了表型上的变化。利用花粉管通道法向胡麻栽培种中导入野生种基因组DNA能够在当代引起多种变异，同时也可在分子水平上检测到基因组的差异，推测大片段外源DNA同源重组可能是变异的主要原因。

关键词: 油用亚麻, 花粉管通道法, RAPD, 分子验证

Abstract: In order to overcome the reproductive isolation between different species of linseed,thus creat resources by using the excellent genes of flax wild species,we made exogenous DNA of wild flax directly introduce into cultivated specie Baxuan 3 by using pollen-tube pathway and obtained the T₀ generation of seeds. After T₁ generation seeds being planted,three of the twenty-four plants of after self-pollination showed obvious variation whose plant height,process length,stems per plant,branches per main stem and capsules per plant were significantly increased comparing with the recipients. The genomic DNA of donor,recipient and 24 T₁ generation introduced materials were amplified by RAPD with 18 primers and six polymorphic primers (OPH20,OPK14,S103,S118,OPJ4,OPT6) were screened out. The banding patterns of DNA amplified products of 8 samples were significantly different,accounting for 33.3% of the total primers used. The results showed that the RAPD bands of D14,D17 and D22 all had specific bands from donors,and speculated that large fragment exogenous DNA homologous recombination might be the main reason for variation combining phenotypic datas. Introducing genomic DNA of wild species into flax cultivars by pollen tube pathway method can cause multiple variations in the present generation,and can also detect the differences of genome at the molecular level. It is speculated that homologous recombination of large fragments of exogenous DNA may be the main cause of variation.

Key words: Oil flax, Formed passage of the pollen tube, RAPD, Molecular identification

中图分类号: 

• S563.03