摘要： 为修复重金属污染的土壤，通过室内盆栽模拟试验，研究有机、无机钝化剂及组合对小白菜的生长、土壤重金属Pb和Cd有效性及小白菜体内Pb和Cd含量的影响。结果表明，有机无机钝化剂组合对小白菜的生长均有一定程度的促进作用，以加入鸡粪处理效果最明显。与对照（不添加任何钝化剂）相比，所有钝化剂组合处理均明显降低土壤有效态Pb和Cd含量，其中活性炭+磷矿粉组合效果最好，土壤有效态Pb和Cd含量分别降低80.60%和49.21%；其次是鸡粪+磷矿粉组合，土壤有效态Pb和Cd含量分别降低76.16%和36.78%。与对照相比，所有钝化剂组合处理小白菜地上部Pb和Cd含量均明显降低。鸡粪+磷矿粉组合小白菜地上部Pb含量降低79.37%，效果最明显；其次是活性炭+磷矿粉组合处理。活性炭+磷矿粉组合小白菜地上部Cd含量降低56.55%，效果最明显；其次是鸡粪+磷矿粉组合处理。可见，在轻度Pb和Cd复合污染土壤上，施用有机无机钝化剂活性炭+磷矿粉组合或鸡粪+磷矿粉组合均是一种高效且环境友好的钝化手段。

关键词: 复合钝化剂, 污染土壤, 铅, 镉, 小白菜

Abstract: In order to remedy heavy metal contaminated soil,the culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic and inorganic compound amendments on the biomasses of cabbage,the availability of heavy metals Pb and Cd in soils and the absorption of Pb and Cd by pot experiments.The results showed that organic and inorganic compound amendments enhanced the biomasses of cabbage,the single chicken manure treatment showed the best effect.All compound amendments could significantly decrease available Pb and Cd content in soils.The compound amendments treatment of charcoal+phosphate rock powder showed the best effect on soil Pb and Cd immobilizing effects,were 80.60% and 49.21%.The second was chicken manure+phosphate rock powder treatment,the removal efficiencies for soil Pb and Cd were 76.16% and 36.78%.Comparing with control,all compound amendments could significantly decrease Pb and Cd content of cabbage.The compound amendments treatment of chicken manure+phosphate rock powder showed the best effect on Pb of cabbage,was 79.37%.The second treatment was charcoal+phosphate rock powder.The compound amendments treatment of charcoal+phosphate rock powder showed the best effect on Cd of cabbage,was 56.55%.The second treatment was chicken manure+phosphate rock powder.Therefore,the organic and inorganic amendments treatment of charcoal+phosphate rock powder or chicken manure+phosphate rock powder was to be an efficient,cost-effective and environmentally friendly measure to calcareous soil which was slightly contaminated by Pb and Cd.

Key words: Compound amendments, Contaminated soil, Pb, Cd, Cabbage

中图分类号: 

• S143