摘要： 为探明水稻在膜下滴灌和淹灌2种栽培模式下叶绿素荧光参数的差异,以T-04、T-43、T-66、T-69水稻品系为试材,大田环境条件下,采用膜下滴灌和传统淹灌2种栽培模式种植.测定并分析2种栽培模式下,每个材料在分蘖期、孕穗期、抽穗期、乳熟期、蜡熟期5个生育期叶片的快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线.结果发现,不同研究材料之间,同一材料在不同生育期,不同栽培模式下叶绿素荧光参数具有明显差异,其中大部分差异达到显著水平(P<0.05).膜下滴灌栽培模式下,分蘖期T-43、T-66、T-69的α 值,T-04、T-43、T-66、T-69的Pm值,T-04、T-66、T-69的Ik值高于淹灌;孕穗期T-04、T-43、T-69的α值,T-04、T-43、T-66、T-69的Pm值,T-43、T-66、T-69的Ik值高于淹灌;抽穗期T-04、T-43、T-66的α 值,T-04、T-43、T-66、T-69的Pm值,T-43、T-66、T-69的Ik值高于淹灌;乳熟期T-43、T-66的α值、Pm值,T-04、T-66、T-69的Ik高于淹灌;蜡熟期T-04、T-43、T-66、T-69的α值、Pm值,T-43、T-69的Ik值高于淹灌.由此得出,滴灌栽培模式下,叶片的光能利用效率、最大光合能力、半饱和光强总体上高于淹灌,进一步可说明,水稻在该模式下,叶片的光合机构并未受到干旱胁迫,作为一种全新的水稻节水栽培方式,在保证高产的同时,还可充分提高水分利用效率.

关键词: 水稻, 膜下滴灌, 传统淹灌, 快速光响应曲线

Abstract: In order to ascertain the difference of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters between rice plant with drip irrigation under plastic film and flooding cultivation.In this study,four rice lines(T-04,T-43,T-66,and T-69) were planted in the field and irrigated by two cultivation patterns:drip irrigation under plastic film mulch and continuous flooding.Then rapid light-response curves of PS Ⅱ chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves were measured at five growth stages,including tillering,booting,heading,milk stage and dough stage.To investigate dynamic changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of rice at different growth stages cultivated by the two patterns,photosynthetic parameters α(light use efficiency), Pm(rETRmax maximum electron transport rate) and Ik(half-saturation intensity) were analyzed.The results showed that most of differences were significant of the photosynthetic parameters in different lines,the same line in different growth stages and with different cultivation patterns.The α,Pm and Ik values of most lines were higher with drip irrigation than with traditional basin irrigation at different growth stages.The α value of T-43,T-66 and T-69,the Pm value of T-04,T-43,T-66 and T-69,the Ik value of T-04,T-66 and T-69 were higher than traditional basin irrigation at tillering stage;The α values of T-04,T-43and T-69,The Pm values of T-04,T-43,T-66 and T-69,the Ik value of T-43,T-66 and T-69 were higher than traditional basin irrigation at booting stage;the α values of T-04,T-43 and T-66,the Pm value of T-04,T-43,T-66 and T-69,the Ik value of T-43,T-66 and T-69 were higher than traditional basin irrigation at heading stage;the α and Pm value of T-43 and T-66,the Ik value of T-04,T-66 and T-69 were higher than traditional basin irrigation at milk stage;the α and Pm value of T-04,T-43,T-66 and T-69,the Ik value of T-43 and T-69 were higher than traditional basin irrigation at dough stage.Results indicated that the light use efficiency in leaf,the maximum capacity of light and light tolerance were higher with drip irrigation under plastic film mulch than those with continuous flooding at different growth stages.It concluded that rice cultivated in this model photosynthetic apparatus of leaves had not been damaged by drought stress,as a new cultivation,it not only guarantee high yield,but also fully improved water use efficiency.

Key words: Rice, Drip irrigation with plastic film mulching, Conventional continuous flooding, Rapid light-response curves

中图分类号: 

• S152.07

• S511.03