摘要： 为了探明滴灌量对冬小麦水分利用效率和籽粒品质影响,在大田条件下,以青麦7号为材料,设置了7个不同灌溉量处理,即全生育期无灌水(CK1)、漫灌(CK2)、滴1水(W1)、滴2水(W2)、滴3水(W3)、滴4水(W4)和滴5水(W5),研究了不同滴灌量对冬小麦的水分利用效率和品质的影响。结果表明:与CK1相比,滴灌处理W3和W4显著改善了冬小麦品质,提高了小麦容重、出粉率、面筋值和沉降值等,处理W3和W4的稳定时间、峰值黏度和低谷黏度、糊化温度、拉伸面积也高于其他处理,提高了小麦的筋力和烘焙品质;同时,随着滴灌量的增加,滴灌处理的产量和水分利用效率先升高后降低,W3和W4表现出最大值。在本试验条件下,综合冬小麦水分利用效率及品质表现,以灌拔节水、开花水和灌浆水的W3处理(90 mm)为最优滴灌量。
关键词:
冬小麦,
滴灌,
品质,
产量,
水分利用效率
Abstract: In order to study the effects of different drip irrigation amount on the water use efficiency and quality of winter wheat,a field experiments was conducted with the cultivar of Qingmai 7 in the field.According to different drip irrigation amount and irrigation stage,we set seven treatments in the experiment,which were in turn:no irrigation (CK1),drip irrigation at jointing stage (W1),drip irrigation at jointing stage and filling stage (W2),drip irrigation at jointing stage,anthesis stage and filling stage (W3),drip irrigation at raising stage,jointing stage,anthesis stage and filling stage (W4),drip irrigation at raising stage,jointing stage,anthesis stage,filling stage and medium-filling stage (W5),and traditional flooding irrigation (CK2) at over winter stage,raising stage,jointing stage and filling stage,respectively.And each time the drip irrigation amount was 30 mm and the flooding irrigation amount was 60 mm.The results indicated that,the treatments W3 and W4 were significantly improved the quality of winter wheat compared to CK1.Drip irrigation treatments W3 and W4 improve grain bulk weight,flour milling rate,gluten content,SDS sedimentation and so on.The time of stability,viscosity,pasting temperature,extension area of W3 and W4 were higher than other treatments,increased the wheat gluten strength and baking quality.Drip irrigation could also improve yield and economic benefit.With the increase of drip irrigation,the yield and WUE of winter wheat firstly increased and then decreased,and W3 and W4 displayed maximum.Under the present experimental conditions,drip irrigation at jointing stage,anthesis stage and filling stage (W3) optimum processing quality indicators,showed good quality milling and baking quality,ensured production while improving water use efficiency.
Key words:
Winter wheat,
Drip irrigation,
Quality,
Yield,
Water use efficiency
中图分类号:
位国峰, 林琪, 商健, 刘义国. 不同滴灌量对冬小麦水分利用及品质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30(4): 200-205. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.04.034.
WEI Guo-feng, LIN Qi, SHANG Jian, LIU Yi-guo. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Amount on Water Use Efficiency and Quality of Winter Wheat[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2015, 30(4): 200-205. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.04.034.