华北高寒区4种根茎类喜凉作物的光合特性

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了明确高光低温环境下喜凉类根茎作物的光温生态适应性,为区域农作物选育与生产配置提供理论依据。采用LI-6400光合仪监测了华北高寒区白萝卜、苤蓝、芥菜、甜菜的光合日变化及其季节动态。在华北高寒区,4种喜凉类根茎作物Pn日进程呈现7,8月双峰、9月单峰特征。7,8月的午间"Pn低效期"由叶片受到高温胁迫而挥霍耗水,及相继的气孔部分关闭和叶肉细胞活性降低等因素引发。不同作物的DPC与 DTC呈现8月 > 7月 > 9月;苤蓝LUE与WUEd明显高于甜菜,芥菜、白萝卜居中。霜后苤蓝、芥菜的DPC尚有霜前的46.7%,60.0%,甜菜霜后DPC比霜前增高了9.22%。苤蓝与甜菜的亚喜凉特性,使之具有生育期长和光合势大的潜力,对华北高寒区的光温资源具有优异的适生性。

关键词: 光合特性, Pn低效期, 白萝卜, 甜菜, 苤蓝, 芥菜

Abstract: In order to clarify clod-resisting rhizomatous crops' photo-thermal ecological adaptation with highlight and low-temperature environment and provide theoretic basis for corp breeding and structure regulation.LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system was used to monitor the diurnal variations of the photosynthetic rate in different periods of radish, beets, kohlrabi, mustard in Alpine-cold North China.In Alpine-cold Regions of North China, the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of four cold-resisting root crops exhibited dual-peak curves in July and August, and the depression of Pn was mainly due to make thriftlessly use of water because of high temperature stress that led in incomplete stomatal closure and low photosynthetic activity of mesophyll cell.The diurnal variation of Pn mainly presented a single peak cure in September.All of them variation of diurnal photosynthetic capacity (DPC) and the variation of diurnal transpiration capacity (DTC) were in the order of August>July>September.The kohlrabi's both daily water use efficiency (WUEd) and diurnal variations of light utilization efficiency (LUE) were significantly higher than that of beet, mustard and radish lying in between.The after-frosting DPC of kohlrabi was 46.7% of its before-frosting, and the after-frosting DPC of mustard was 60.0% of its before-frosting.However, the after-frosting DPC of mustard increased by 9.22% comparing with that before frost.The kohlrabi and beet had potential of extending growth period and enlarging photosynthetic intensity and powerful adaptability of photo-thermal resource in Alpine-cold Regions of North China because of their temperature insensitivity.

Key words: Photosynthetic characteristics, Depression of net photosynthetic rate, Radish, Beet, Kohlrabi, Mustard

中图分类号:

S63.01

王伟婧, 张继宗, 郝雅星, 韩凯虹, 张立峰. 华北高寒区4种根茎类喜凉作物的光合特性[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30(2): 212-219. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.036.

WANG Wei-jing, ZHANG Ji-zong, HAO Ya-xing, HAN Kai-hong, ZHANG Li-feng. Studies on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Four Cold-resisting Rhizomatous Crops in Alpine-cold Regions of North China[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2015, 30(2): 212-219. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.036.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2015/V30/I2/212

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