摘要： 以规模化养猪场猪粪为原料发酵的沼渣作为供试材料,研究施用沼渣对白菜及土壤重金属含量状况影响。结果表明:在施用化肥基础上,传统沼渣用量条件下白菜生物产量显著高于不施肥和单施化肥处理,低于传统施用猪粪处理;与不施肥和单施化肥处理相比,在施用化肥基础上施用不同用量沼渣能显著增加白菜镉、铜、锌及降低铬、砷的含量水平,且重金属镉、铜、锌含量随沼渣用量增加呈直线上升关系,当季施用沼渣不会对白菜造成重金属污染风险,但不排除长期施用沼渣因土壤重金属积累而对白菜重金属造成潜在污染风险;从土壤重金属积累状况来看,与不施肥和单施化肥处理相比,施用不同用量沼渣能增加土壤全铬、全铜、全锌的含量水平,其含量水平随沼渣用量呈直线上升趋势,长期大量施用沼渣对土壤重金属存在污染风险。在同等用量条件下,沼渣作有机肥其安全风险性大于猪粪作有机肥。

关键词: 沼渣, 白菜, 土壤, 重金属

Abstract: The main content of this article was to study the effects of heavy metals contents by application of biogas residue in Chinese cabbage and soil.It used Large-scale pig farm manure as raw materials and fermentation biogas residue as tested material. The results showed that:the biomass yield of the Chinese cabbage in condition of the traditional use level of biogas residue,which was on the basis of the application of chemical fertilizer,was significantly higher than non-fertilizer and only chemical fertilizer treatment,but it was lower than traditional the pig manure treatment. Comparing with non-fertilizer and only chemical fertilizer treatments,the application of biogas residue on the basis of chemical fertilizer could significantly increase the contents of Cd,Cu,Zn in chinese cabbage,reduce the contents of Cr,As in it;also,the contents of heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Zn)increased with the increasing use level of biogas residue,their relationship was rising straight-linearly,the application of biogas residue in season would't cause the risk of heavy metal pollution in Chinese cabbage,but we couldn't rulr out the potential risk of heavy metals pollution in Chinese cabbage with long-term application of accumulation of heavy metals in the soil;From the accumulation of heavy metals in soil,comparing with non-fertilizer and only chemical fertilizer treatments,application of biogas residue on the basis of chemical fertilizer could increase the content of total Cr,total Cu,total Zn in soil,the relationship with the increasing use of biogas residue was also straight-linearly,a large number of long-term use of biogas residue could lead to soil heavy metal pollution risk.Under the same dosage conditions,biogas residue as organic fertilizer security risk was greater than the pig manure.

Key words: Biogas residue, Chinese cabbage, Soil, Heavy mental

中图分类号: 

• S147.2