摘要： 通过对不同萝卜雄性不育细胞质进行鉴定与分类,确定不育细胞质的类型,为更好地利用这些不育细胞质提供科学依据。利用5个来源不同的萝卜细胞质雄性不育材料和8个可育的白萝卜品种,从恢保关系、花粉败育方式及线粒体DNA的分子标记等3个方面对其进行了研究。结果发现,根据5个细胞质雄性不育的恢保关系,可将其分为2种细胞质类型。进一步对其花器官形态及花粉败育方式研究发现,类型1花丝短缩,花药瘦小,败育从四分体时期开始,表现为绒毡层细胞液泡化,最终药室的基本结构消失,内无花粉粒;类型2花药大小与可育相似,雄蕊稍低于柱头,败育从单核小孢子时期开始,能够保持药室的基本结构,药室内存在没有活力的花粉粒外壳。PCR检测结果表明:类型1为Ogura不育细胞质类型,类型2为NWB不育细胞质类型。

关键词: 萝卜, 细胞质雄性不育系, 分类

Abstract: The classification of different male sterile cytoplasms can provide guide to the utilization of it.In this study,we have investigated five cytoplasm male steriles(CMS)of radish.The five cytoplasm male sterile lines were crossed with 8 fertile breeding lines,and the fertility of the F₁ progenies was different.According to the fertility of the F₁ progenies,the five cytoplasms were classified into two types.Cytological examination of pollen development stages showed a clear difference in the defective stage from that seen in the two types of male sterility.At the tetrad stage,the tapetum cells of type 1 CMS was bulged by severe cytoplasmic vacuolation,but no significant differences were observed in type 2 CMS during this stage.After the microspores were released,microspores of the type 1 CMS began to degenerate finally resulting in empty anthers without pollen grains.However,the microspores of the type 2 CMS plant failed to develop into mature pollen grains.The size of the just-released microspores and the just-before-dehiscence stage microspores remained unchanged.PCR analysis revealed that the type 1 was Ogura CMS and the other was NWB CMS.

Key words: Raphanus sativus L., Male sterile cytoplasm, Classification

中图分类号: 

• Q631.03