摘要： 为了更好地开发和利用糯玉米色素,以西星黄糯6号、西星赤糯1号、紫糯208、西星黑糯1号为材料,测定籽粒发育过程中类胡萝卜素和花色苷含量的变化及成熟期营养物质的含量,分析籽粒色素含量与营养特性之间的关系。结果表明,随着籽粒发育,糯玉米类胡萝卜素与花色苷含量呈单峰曲线变化。品种间比较,成熟期时花色苷和色素含量表现为西星黑糯1号 >紫糯208 >西星赤糯1号 >西星黄糯6号,类胡萝卜素含量则表现为西星黄糯6号 >西星赤糯1号 >紫糯208 >西星黑糯1号。相关分析表明,花色苷和色素含量与粗淀粉、粗脂肪、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量呈正相关,与粗蛋白和可溶性蛋白含量呈负相关;类胡萝卜素与各营养物质之间的关系恰好相反。可见,糯玉米籽粒颜色越深,色素和花色苷含量越高,类胡萝卜素含量越低,糯玉米籽粒色素与其营养特性之间存在非常密切的关系。

关键词: 糯玉米, 色素, 花色苷, 类胡萝卜素, 营养特性

Abstract: To develop and utilize waxy corn pigment,Xixinghuangnuo 6,Xixingchinuo 1,Zinuo 208 and Xixingheinuo 1 were used to determine the changes of carotenoid and anthocyanin contents during kernel development and the contents of nutritional substances in kernel maturity.The correlations between pigment content and nutritional character were analyzed.The results indicated that the contents of carotenoid and anthocyanin showed a single peak curve with kernel development.In maturity,anthocyanin and pigment contents appeared Xixingheinuo 1 >Zinuo 208> Xixingchinuo 1 >Xixinghuangnuo 6,The order of carotenoid content was just the opposite.Correlation analysis showed that anthocyanin and pigment contents were positively correlated to crude starch,fat,glucose and sucrose contents,and negatively correlated to crude protein and soluble protein contents.The correlation between carotenoid and nutritional substances was just the opposite.Therefore,the darker kernel color was,the higher contents of pigment and anthocyanin,the lower content of carotenoid.There existed a very close relationship between kernel pigment and nutritional character of waxy corn.

Key words: Waxy corn, Pigment, Anthocyanins, Carotenoids, Nutritional character

中图分类号: 

• S513