华北农学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 182-188. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.03.036

所属专题: 玉米

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

品种与密度对华北平原夏玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响

邵立威, 王艳哲, 苗文芳, 孙宏勇, 陈素英, 张喜英   

  1. 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心, 河北石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-26 出版日期:2011-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 张喜英(1965- ),女,河北行唐人,研究员,博士,博士生导师,主要从事农田节水机理与技术方面研究。
  • 作者简介:邵立威(1974- ),男,河北沽源人.助理研究员,博士,主要从事作物水分高效利用方面研究.
  • 基金资助:
    耕地保育与持续高效现代农业试点工程;中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-05);河北省科技支撑项目(06220112D)

Effect of Cultivar and Plant Density on Summer Maize Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency in North China Plain

SHAO Li-wei, WANG Yan-zhe, MIAO Wen-fang, SUN Hong-yong, CHEN Su-ying, ZHANG Xi-ying   

  1. The Center for Agriculture Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS, Shjiazhuang 050021,China
  • Received:2011-01-26 Published:2011-06-28

摘要: 在中国科学院封丘试验站通过3年(2008-2010年)8个夏玉米品种在3个种植密度下的田间试验,研究了品种和种植密度对夏玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响,旨在探讨通过品种和密度优化组合进一步提高作物产量和水分利用效率的潜力.品种和密度对夏玉米产量产生了明显影响,并且存在着年际之间的巨大波动.产量最高和最低品种相差1 050~1 500kg/hm2,不同品种对密度的反应有所差异,一般60 000~6 500株/hm2的种植密度产量高于5 000株/hm2的密度产量.玉米生长期间光照条件对产量产生了显著影响,2010年玉米生长期间日照时数为多年平均的56.6%,产量比光照条件好的2009年产量降低了15%.不同品种穗位以上叶片截获的光合有效辐射与产量有一定的正相关关系.研究结果显示,产量高的品种其水分利用效率也较高,两者存在正相关关系,选择高产品种是提高水分利用效率的一个重要途径.

关键词: 品种, 种植密度, 产量, 光照, 水分利用效率

Abstract: Field experiments of eight summer maize cultivars with three plant density degree were conducted in Fengqiu Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2008 to 2010.The object of the study was to assess cultivar and plant density effects on summer maize grain yield and water use efficiency(WUE),and with optimization of cultivar and density,to explore yield and WUE potential of summer maize.Cultivar and plant density affected maize grain yield significantly with difference between experiment seasons.There was 1 050-1 500 kg/ha difference between maximum and minimum grain yield affected by cultivar difference.Different cultivar grain yield response differently to plant density degree,and the grain yield of 60 000-67 500 plant/ha density was higher than 75 000 plant/ha density.The sunshine during maize growth affect grain yield significantly,and compared with annual value,sunshine hour decreased 56.6%,with corresponding 15% grain yield reduction.Effective light radiation of the leaves above ear has a positive relativity to grain yield.The results showed cultivar with higher grain yield had a higher WUE,and selecting higher yield cvivar is an important approach to promote WUE of summer maize.

Key words: Cultivar, Plant density, Grain yield, Sunshine, Water use efficiency

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引用本文

邵立威, 王艳哲, 苗文芳, 孙宏勇, 陈素英, 张喜英. 品种与密度对华北平原夏玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2011, 26(3): 182-188. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.03.036.

SHAO Li-wei, WANG Yan-zhe, MIAO Wen-fang, SUN Hong-yong, CHEN Su-ying, ZHANG Xi-ying. Effect of Cultivar and Plant Density on Summer Maize Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency in North China Plain[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2011, 26(3): 182-188. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.03.036.

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