摘要： 研究不同品质类型冬小麦气冠温差(CTD)的差异,探讨气冠温差与产量性状的关系,对高产品种(系)选育具有重要的应用价值。在灌溉条件下,选用28个强筋型和27个中筋型冬小麦品种(系),分别对抽穗期、开花期、花后7 d、花后14 d、花后21 d和花后28 d的气冠温差进行了测定。结果表明,强筋型与中筋型冬小麦品种间的CTD在各个测量时期的差异均达极显著水平,中筋品种花后21 d的CTD与产量和千粒重均呈极显著正相关。CTD对冬小麦产量影响,主要通过粒重途径实现的。强筋型品种与中筋型品种的3个主成分累积贡献率分别为51.72%和63.45%,其中,花后21 d的CTD分别在强筋品种第2主成分和中筋品种第1主成分表现CTD差异越大,产量越高,贡献率分别为16.91%和36.95%。根据因子得分,筛选出CTD综合表现差异大,籽粒产量高的强筋品种(系)有济南17、鲁0540258、鲁0540261、鲁056479和鲁0540252;中筋品种(系)有济麦22、鲁055359、鲁055282、鲁0540319和鲁055293。

关键词: 冬小麦, 气冠温差, 强筋类型, 中筋类型, 产量性状

Abstract: Canopy temperature depression( CTD) has been proposed as the best predictor for evaluating wheat yield performance, but the metabolic difference between strong gluten type wheat and medium gluten type wheat has seldom been addressed.Our objectives were to evaluate the CTD diversity of two gluten types and to determine optimal measurement times for selecting wheat varieties in the Northern of Yellow ＆ Huai Facultative Winter Wheat Region.Twenty-eight strong gluten wheats and twenty-seven medium gluten wheats were grown in randomized complete blocks with 3 replicates in plots of 6.0 m² ( 6 rows,0.20 m apart).Canopy and air temperatures were measured at heading date, anthesis,7 d after anthesis, 14 d after anthesis, 21 d after anthesis, and 28 d after anthesis under irrigation, respectively.Six CTDs measured from heading time to end milk grain stage were indicated highly significant differences between strong gluten type wheat and medium gluten type wheat.Mean CTD at 21d after anthesis for medium gluten type wheat was only significantly positively correlated with grain yield( r = 0.417 5,P< 0.001) and thousand kernel weight( r =0.526 3,P< 0.001).In additive,we found CTD has been associated with yield increase among medium gluten wheat cultivars because of as an indicator of heavy kernel weight since CTD is related to cumulative transpiration.The principal component analysis was effective in that the first three principal components could together accounted for 51.72% and 63.45% of the total variation of the strong gluten type and the medium gluten type, respectively.Especially,CTD at 21 d after anthesis was the most important trait contributing to variation that explained about 16.91% and 36.95% of the total regional variance for the strong gluten type and the medium gluten type, respectively.The significant difference of CTD at 21 d after anthesis was consisting with grain yield.Furthermore, five strong gluten cultivars, involving Jinan 17,Lu 0540258,Lu 0540261,Lu 056479 and Lu 0540252, and five medium gluten cultivars, involving Jimai 22,Lu055359,Lu 055282,Lu 0540319 and Lu 055293,were selected according to the factor scores, all of which were more obvious difference of CTD and higher grain yield．

Key words: Winter wheat( Triticum aestivum L． ), Canopy temperature depression, Strong gluten type, Medium gluten type, Yield traits

中图分类号: 

• S512.1

• S311