摘要： 为研究奶牛性控冻精人工授精效果并合理制定人工授精方案,采用流式细胞仪制备性控冻精,对3 947头健康荷斯坦牛进行人工授精.结果表明:①性控冻精和常规冻精的受胎率、产犊率差异不显著(P>0.05),但性控冻精的雌犊率和繁殖率分别达到92.01%和50.03%,对照组仅为51.13%和3.97%,差异极显著(P＜0.01).②青年牛的情期受胎率达到55.25%,极显著高于经产牛(P＜0.01);青年牛的产犊率达到98.31%,显著高于经产牛(P＜0.05);青年牛的繁殖率为51.8%,经产牛为2.12%,存在极显著差异(P＜0.01).③采用第1次人工授精后10～11 h重复授精1次,每次1支性控冻精的授精方案,其情期受胎率为55.17%,繁殖率达到55.81%,同其他方案相比,差异极显著(P＜0.01).应用性控冻精进行人工授精可以显著提高母牛的繁殖效率.

关键词: 奶牛, 性别控制, 冷冻精液, 人工授精

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of artificial insemination with frozen-sexed sperm on the reproductive performance of dairy cow,and to further improve insemination strategies,frozen spermwassexed by flow cytometry. Then 3 947 health Holstein cow were artificially inseminated with frozen sperm unsexed or sexed. The results showed:①The pregnancy and calving rates were 48.91% and 97.97% for sexed-sperm AIs, 51.74% and 98.05% for the unsexed-sperm AIs(P>0.05).The proportion of female calves derived from sexed-sperm AIs was 92.01% compared with 51.13% for control AIs (P<0.01), the reproductive rate was 51.13% for sexed-sperm AIs and 34.97% for control AIs(P<0.01).② The pregnancy rate was 55.25% for primiparous cow and was obviously higher than that of multiparous cow (P<0.01), the calving rate was 98.31% for primiparous cow and was higher than that of multiparous cow(P<0.05), the reprodcutive rates was 51.84% for primiparous cow and 42.12% for multiparous cow, there were significant differences (P<0.01).③When a insemination was followed by a second one 10-11 hours later, and a single-doses sperm was used in each time, the pregnancy and reproductive rates were both the highest (P<0 01).Our results indicated that AI using sexed sperm under field conditions in commercial dairy herds without oestrus synchronization resulted in a significantly improvement of reprocuctive effect compared with AI using unsexed sperm.

Key words: Dairy cow, Sex control, Frozen sperm, Artificial insemination

中图分类号: 

• S814.3