摘要： 研究不同品种的水分利用特性和水分利用效率, 为黄瓜高水分利用效率品种的选育提供理论依据。本研究选用2个生态型相同但生长型不同的黄瓜品种(津育5号和迷你2号)为试材, 温室栽培, 相同灌溉量和灌溉频率水分处理, 比较其灌溉水在渗漏量、蒸发量、蒸腾量和土壤储水量的分配比例和水分利用效率的差异, 以及不同品种根系特点。除迷你2号(MN)在秋冬茬结果有所差外异, 两供试品种在不同茬口灌溉水的分配均呈现蒸腾量>渗漏量>蒸发量>土壤储水量的趋势;两供试黄瓜品种在冬春茬的蒸腾量、渗漏量、蒸发量和土壤储水量占灌溉水总量的分配比例分别为38.25%, 32.15%, 23.10%和6.50%, 而秋冬茬则分别为34.35%, 34.15%, 20.65%和12.85%, 故不同栽培茬口可影响黄瓜灌溉水分配状况, 冬春茬蒸腾和蒸发量占灌溉水分配比例较高, 而秋冬茬土壤渗漏水和土壤储水比例则有所提高。津育5号和迷你2号植株蒸腾占灌溉水分配的比例平均分别为37.15%和33.45%, 而土壤渗漏占灌溉水分配的比例平均分别为30.10%和36.20%;津育5号两茬口经济产量和生物学产量水分利用效率分别为422.5, 585.90 kg/(hm2.mm), 而迷你2号则分别为394.2, 541.7 kg/(hm2.mm)。不同黄瓜品种间灌溉水分配状况及利用效率明显差异, 造成不同品种灌溉水分配及水分利用效率的原因主要与其根系生长状况有关。
关键词:
温室黄瓜,
水分分配,
水分利用效率
Abstract: Waste of irrigated water has been serious situation in solar greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production in China caused by huge irrigation. This paper aims to learn the impossibility of water saving by biological way. Both irrigated water distribution and its use efficiency were studied by using two varieties of cucumber (cv. Jinyu5 and Mini2)with different growing type. The two varieties were irrigated under the same water amount and frequency. Results showed that the percentage of water distribution presented transpiration>leakage>evaporation>soil water storage, and the trends were quite similar except the treatment of cv. Mini2 in autumn-winter growing season. Water distribution percentage in transpiration and drainage were 38.25%, 32.15%, 23.10% and 6.50% respectively in winter-spring, and those were 34.35%, 34.15%, 20.65% and 12.85% respectively in autumn-winter. This showed that status of water distribution percentage was affected by growing season. Percentage of evaporation and evaporation were a little higher in winter-spring, meanwhile percentage of drainage and soil water storage were little higher in autumn-winter. Percentage of evaporation in cv. Jinyu5 and ev. Mini2 were 37.15% and 33.45%, and percentage of drainage were 30.10% and 36.20% respectively;WUE of Economic yield and biological yield 422.5 and 585.90 kg/(ha mm)in cv. Jinyu5, meanwhile those were 394.2 and 541.7 kg/(ha mm)in cv. Mini2. Thus both the water distribution percentage and WUE were affected by different varieties of cucumber because of their different root growing status.
Key words:
Different varieties of cucumber,
Distribution of water,
Water use efficiency
中图分类号:
LI Lin, YANG Fu-qiang, WANG Shu-zhong, ZHAO Jing-wen, REN Hua-zhong. Study on Irrigated Water Distribution and Its Use Efficiency among Two Varieties of Cucumber with Different Growing Type under Traditional Irrigation[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2009.S2.063.