玉米、小麦秸秆水浸提液对蔬菜种子的化感作用

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2009.S2.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以黄瓜、生菜、茄子种子为受试材料, 采用室内生物测定方法研究了玉米、小麦秸秆水浸提液的化感作用。结果表明, 作物秸秆对蔬菜种子的影响有抑制、促进、促进/抑制双重作用和无显著作用等多种形式。玉米水浸提液对黄瓜种子活力指数、幼苗根长和鲜质量显著抑制, 对苗高和干质量表现低浓度促进高浓度抑制;对生菜、茄子种子的发芽和根系生长显著抑制, 对苗高和鲜质量均表现促进/抑制双重作用。小麦秸秆水浸提液对黄瓜苗高、鲜质量表现促进作用;对生菜种子活力指数和幼苗根长具有显著抑制作用, 对其苗高和鲜质量均表现促进/抑制双重作用;对茄子发芽率显著抑制作用, 对其根长、苗高和鲜质量均表现双重作用。根据化感敏感指数, 玉米秸秆水浸提液对受体蔬菜的化感作用强于小麦;生菜对秸秆浸提液最敏感, 茄子次之, 黄瓜最不敏感。

关键词: 秸秆, 水浸提液, 化感作用, 种子发芽

Abstract: The allelopathy of corn and wheat straw aqueous extracts on seed germination and the growth of cucumber, lettuce and eggplant was investigated by means of bioassay in laboratory. The results showed that the effects of straw aqueous extracts on vegetables seed germination had many forms:inhibit effects, promotion effects, promotion/inhibition double effecs and no siginificant effect. Corn straw aqueous had significantly inhibited vigor index, root length and fresh weight of seedling of cucumber, and seedling height and dry weight was increased at lower conentration and decreased at higher concentration. Corn straw aqueous significantly inhibited seed germination and root growth of lettuce and eggplant, and had promotion/inhibit double effecs on seedling height and fresh weight. Wheat straw aqueous increased seedling height and fresh weight of cucumber, and decreased vigor index and root length of lettuce, and had promoted/inhibited effect on root length, seedling height and fresh weight. Wheat straw aqueous significantly decreased eggplant seed germination rate, and had promoted/inhibited effect on root length, seedling height and fresh weight. According to sensitivity index, the allelopathical effect of corn straw aqueous extracts was stronger than that of wheat straw aqueous extracts on tested vegetables. The allelopathical sensitivity to straw aqueous exracts was different among the tested vegetables, with lettuce being the most sentitive, eggpant being more sentitive and cucumber being the least sensentive.

Key words: Straw, Straw aqueous extracts, Allelopathy, Seed germination

中图分类号:

S451

WU Hui-qin, DONG Lin-lin, WANG Qian. Allelopathy of Corn and Wheat Straw Aqueous Extracts on Vegetable Seeds[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2009.S2.031.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2009/V24/IS2/140

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