摘要： 采用盆栽结合部分大田论证的试验方法,研究了硫包衣尿素(SCU)和常规尿素对水稻生长、营养元素吸收利用及增产效应和土壤反应的影响。结果表明:大田上SCU和常规尿素处理其产量分别是对照的1.20,1.11倍,盆栽试验下为对照的1.92,1.48倍;施肥量相同的SCU处理水稻产量比常规尿素处理增加10.93%~22.23%,SCU提高水稻产量的优势在于千粒重;同常规尿素相比,SCU促进了水稻对磷的吸收,对钾的影响不大。盆栽试验表明,施常规尿素和SCU的处理氮收获指数都随施氮量的增加而增加,等N量(N 0.15 g/kg土)和等施肥量(0.66 g/kg土)下,SCU处理其氮收获指数显著高于对应的常规尿素处理,施用SCU的处理其氮素的利用率也比常规尿素提高11.79%~20.25%,其氮肥利用率最高达57.58%;短期内适宜施氮量下SCU未降低土壤pH,但随着SCU施用量的增加,土壤酸化明显,且趋势超过常规尿素。

关键词: 水稻, 常规尿素, 硫包衣尿素, 土壤反应

Abstract: Field together with potexperiments were carried out to study the effect of sulfur??coated urea( SCU) andurea on growth, nutrients uptake, utilization and soil react ion of rice. Results obtained were as following: In the field ex??periment, SCU and urea treated rice showed 20% and 11% higher yield than that of control. 92%, 48% of pot experi??ments respectively; Under same nitrogen fertilizer dose, rice fed with SCU got 10. 93% to 22. 23% higher yield than thoseof urea due to the greater thousand grain weight; Compared with urea, SCU had greater positive effects on rice P absorp??tion.However,while no effects on K absorpt ion was observed.Nitrogen harvest index was increased with the increasing ofSCU and urea dose. At the same N usage of 0. 15 g/ kg and fertilizer dose of 0. 66 g/ kg, SCU treated rice got a signifi??cantly higher N harvest index.N use efficiency( NUE) in treatments with SCU was 11. 79% to 20. 25% hither than thoseof urea, with the greatest NUE at 57. 58%. Soil P pH was not significantly decreased under proper SCU usage in short??term.However, increased use of SCU would lead to soil acidification, and with more significant trend in soil acidification than urea.

Key words: Rice, Urea, Sulfur??coated urea, Soil reaction

中图分类号: 

• S511

• S145