摘要： 为了建立小麦成熟胚的高频再生体系,以泰9817和泰山21为材料,研究了不同浓度金属离子(Cu²⁺和Ag⁺)对小麦成熟胚离体培养特性的影响。结果表明,在培养基中添加1μmol/L CuSO₄或10μmol/L AgNO₃有助于小麦成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导及分化,不同浓度CuSO4或AgNO3对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织出愈率的影响不如对胚性愈伤率、分化率及出苗率的影响大;在最佳CuSO₄浓度(1μmol/L)下,泰9817和泰山21的胚性愈伤率、分化率及出苗率分别比对照(未加CuSO₃)提高了71.18%和87.37%、76.01%和88.92%1、59.64%和323.79%;在最佳AgNO₃浓度(10μmol/L)下,泰9817和泰山21的胚性愈伤率、分化率及出苗率分别比对照(未加AgNO₃)提高了87.79%和99.35%、85.53%和93.88%、121.47%和275.21%。小麦成熟胚愈伤组织培养特性不同金属离子(Cu²⁺和Ag⁺)处理间差异不显著。

关键词: 小麦, 成熟胚, 愈伤组织, CuSO4, AgNO3

Abstract: In order to establish high frequency plant regenerat ion from mature embryos of wheat, effects of metal ions(Cu²⁺and Ag⁺) of different concentrations on in vitro culture of mature embryos from two wheat cultivars of Tai 9817 and Taishan 21 were studied. The results showed that callus Induction and differentiation of wheat mature embryos were apparently improved on the medium with 1 mol/ L CuSO⁴or 10 mol/ LAgNO₃, and the effects of CuSO⁴ or AgNO₃ of different concentrat ions on the frequency of callus induction were slower than on the frequency of embryogenic callus, differentiation and regeneration; at optimal concentration (1 mol/ L) of CuSO⁴, the frequency of embryogenic callus, differentiation and regeneration of Tai 9817 and Taishan 21 increased separately by 71??18% and 87??37%, 76.01% and 88.92%, 159.64% and 323.79%; at optimal concentrat ion (10 mol/ L) of AgNO₃, the frequency of embryogenic callus, differentiation and regeneration of Tai 9817 and Taishan 21 increased separately by 87.79% and 99.35%,85.53% and 93.88%, 121.47% and 275.21%. Differences of culture characteristic of wheat mature embryos between different metal ions (Cu2+ and Ag+ ) treatment were not remarkable.

Key words: Wheat, Mature embryos, Callus, CuSO₄, AgNO₃

中图分类号: 

• S512.1