摘要： 以赞皇大枣、冬枣、月光枣、阜平大枣和辣椒枣为试材,研究了不同预处理在花药愈伤组织发生中的作用。结果表明,甘露醇预处理的浓度和时间均对花药出愈率有显著影响,阜平大枣和赞皇大枣2个品种的花药出愈率均以0.1 mol/L处理3 d的最高,分别达到了98.89%和82.22%,随处理时间的进一步延长花药出愈率会显著降低,褐化率与出愈率之间并没用明显的相关性;4℃低温预处理没有显著促进枣花药愈伤组织的诱导,其中月光枣和冬枣2个品种的出愈率甚至有显著降低;35℃高温预处理的效果因品种而异,有的品种出愈率会显著提高,有的会显著降低,有的则无显著变化。

关键词: 枣, 花药, 愈伤组织, 诱导, 预处理

Abstract: Five cultivars of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), including Zanhuangdazao, Dongzao,Yueguangzao, Fupingdazao and Lajiaozao, were used to study the effects of different pretreatments on callus induction from anthers. The results showed that both concentrat ion and treatment period of mannitol significantly influnced the callus fomation; The optimal treatment combinations of mannitol for cultivar Zanhuangdazao and Fupingdazao were both dipping anthers in 0.1- 0.5 mol/ L mannitol for 3 d, with highest callus rate of 98.89% and 82.22%, respect ively; Longer period of mannitol treatment decreased the callus rate; The callus rate was not obviously correlated with browning rate. Low temperature (4℃ ) pretreatment did not significantly accelerate the callus induction of anther, and in case of cultivar Dongzao and Yueguangzao callus rates were significantly reduced. The effects of high temperature (35℃) pretreatment on callus induct ion rate (increasing, decreasing, or keeping stable) changed with cultivars.

Key words: Chinese jujube, Anther, Callus, Induction, Pretreatment

中图分类号: 

• S665.1